Unit 2- States Of Matter and Solutions

Question 1

Why do bonds form?

Answer 1

Because the molecule has lower energy than it’s separated atoms

Question 2

What are the two types of bonding?

Answer 2

Ionic and covalent bonding

Question 3

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 3

Electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions like Na+ and Cl-

Question 4

What is a non-directional bond?

Answer 4

Ionic solids, because they are attracted in all directions

Question 5

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 5

Bonds formed by sharing of electrons
Most of the times the sharing is unequal and typically forms between non-metals

Question 6

How does electronegativity help determine what sort of covalent bonding occurs?

Answer 6

Non polar: EN = 0

Polar covalent: electronegativity difference < 2.0

Ionic: electronegativity difference >= 2.0

Question 7

What is hydrogen bonding?

Answer 7

Intermolecular interactions between H and electronegative molecules like O, N, F, it is the strongest intermolecular force but weaker than covalent bonds

Question 8

What is ion-dispersion?

Answer 8

Occurs between ions and polar molecules. It keeps changing. It is affected by the distance between the charge and the ion along with the partial charge (more particular charge more attraction)

Question 9

What is dipole-dipole interaction?

Answer 9

Occurs between polar molecules, partial positive of one molecule attracts the other partial negative molecule

Question 10

Rank the order of intermolecular energy