unit 2 study guide

Question 1

Identify normal and abnormal manifestations of respiratory assessments on a patient across the lifespan.

Answer 1

Pediatric:
Round chest
breath with diaphragm
RR may be irregular (infant)

Elderly
Fatigue easier
Spine shape affects respirations

Normal-12-20
Maybe (10-25 in specific cases)

Question 2

2. Describe the steps to complete a respiratory assessment on a
   patient across the lifespan.

Answer 2

hand hygeine+ remove gown

stand behind patient +determain rate/rhythm

palpate skin

assess chest expansion w/ thumb on back and deep breath

listen to slow deep breaths with stethoscope on back

Question 3

3. Identify oxygen therapy devices and describe uses for each device.

Answer 3

Nasal cannula-Oxygen tank connected to pronged into nares–Used because easy and inexpensive

non-rebreather–mask attached to a simple bag–used to deliver high levels of oxygen

simple-Fits over mouth and nose-with side on face that allows expiration - used in moderate situations

rebreather-similar to nonrebreather mask, but no one way valves so patients exhaled air mixes w/inhaled air

Venturi-used for patents who need specific amount % of air with COPD

face tent-provides controlled concentration of oxygen and increase moisture

Question 4

4. Describe the steps to complete an oxygen therapy
   assessment.

Answer 4

adjust bed to apporpirate height

apply oxygen device to face

maintain slack so patient can turn head

check for proper functioning

post oxygen in use signs

Question 5

5. Identify normal and abnormal manifestations of a cardiovascular assessment on a patient across the lifespan

Answer 5

Pediatric / Infants
◦ Circumoral cyanosis
◦ Transient acrocyanosis
◦ Murmurs may be normal (innocent/functional murmurs)
◦ HR – Infants (100-180) after birth, then (120-140)
◦ PDA (patent ductus arteriosus closes after 2-3 days)
* Geriatric
◦ Foot/leg edema
◦ Peripheral vascular
* Pregnant women
* Leg edema
* More blood volume

Question 6

6. Describe the steps to complete a cardiovascular assessment on a patient across the lifespan

Answer 6

find each of APETM

locate PMI

listen to hart sounds-on each APETM landmark

find lub dub- then count for 1 minute

assess for extra heart sounds or pulse deficit

palpate/listen to carotid artery

edema test

test for radial pulse

Question 7

7. Assess peripheral pulse sites, naming and locating all pulse sites, noting rhythm and volume.

Answer 7

Temporal-head

Cartoid-neck

brachial-arm

radial-arm

Femoral-groin

popliteal-knee

dorsal pedis-foot

Question 8

8. Identify normal and abnormal manifestations of abdominal assessments on a patient across the lifespan.

Answer 8

Pediatric (Jarvis-p 176)
* Inspection: shape of abdomen; umbilical cord
* History
* Jaundice
* Pain
* Fussiness
* Intense crying
* Projectile vomiting
* Variations:

Geriatric
* Inspection: contour
* Auscultation:
* Check for decreased peristalsis
* Check aorta for possible bruit

Question 9

9. Describe the steps to perform an abdominal assessment on a patient.

Answer 9

maintain conversation except during auscultation

identify landmarks- LLQ RRQ etc

inspect skin for any bruises lesions etc and symmetry

listen for bowl sounds

percuss abdominal sits and feeling for tenderness

Question 10

11. Identify normal and abnormal values for vital signs.

Answer 10

T-97-100

P-60-100

RR-12-20

BP-120/80

O%-95-100%

Question 11

12. Correctly complete math problems found in math textbook chapters 1-4.

Question 12

steps for normal /sbdominal procedure

Answer 12

inspect
palpate
percuss
ausculate

ab
insect
ausculate
percuss
palpate