Unit 2 Test

Question 1

What is anxiety and what are the criteria for anxiety disorders?

Answer 1

Anxiety produces tension, worry and physiological disorder
-unfounded tear, clinically significant distress,symptoms interfere with their day

Question 2

What is the amygolala and what role does it play in anxiety?

Answer 2

Plays a central role in triggering state of fear or anxiety
Triggers “ fight or flight” response

Question 3

How is serotonin linked to anxiety?

Answer 3

There is a reduction in activity

Question 4

What are the psychological causes of anxiety?stressors, coping skills, anxiety sensitivity

Answer 4

Interpreting events as threatening; interpret physiological changes as signs of danger
- sense of control reduces anxiety

Question 5

Define phobia

Answer 5

Strong, persistent, unwanted fear of a specific object or situation

Question 6

What are the treatments for phobias?

Answer 6

Benzodiazepines ( Xanax, Valium)
SSRIs
Beta blockers
D-cycloserine

Question 7

What is social anxiety disorder? Symptoms

Answer 7

Intense fear of being scrutinized or doing something embarrassing or humiliating in the presence of others

Question 8

What are treatments for social anxiety disorder?

Answer 8

Exposure therapy

Question 9

Define agoraphobia

Answer 9

Feared because escape or help is not available
Intense fear of at least two of the following:
-being outside alone
-traveling via public trans.
-being in open spaces
-being in stores/theatres
-standing in line or in a crowd

Question 10

What is a panic attack? Can panic attacks occur with any disorder?

Answer 10

An episode of intense fear accompanied by physiological symptoms
- can occur with any disorder

Question 11

Treatment to panic disorder

Answer 11

Bentos, Ssris; Beta blockers, of-cycloserine

Question 12

Generalized anxiety disorder -symptoms, criteria

Answer 12

Persistent, high levels of anxiety and excessive, hard to control worry over life circumstances
-must be present on the majority of days for six months and impairment in life
-develops gradually

Question 13

Causes of gad

Answer 13

Heritability factor, dysfunctional thinking

Question 14

Treatment of gad

Answer 14

•drug therapy (benzodiazepines or antidepressants
- cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 15

Define obsessions, define compulsions

Answer 15

Consistent, anxiety producing thoughts or images
-overwhelming need to engage in activities or mental acts to counteract anxiety

Question 16

What are the causes of OCD

Answer 16

Heredity,they reduce anxiety, control , intolerance of uncertainty

Question 17

What are the treatments for OCD?

Answer 17

SSRIs antidepressants, flooding, response prevention

Question 18

Anorexia nervosa(define, symptoms, and criteria)

Answer 18

Individuals starve themselves; detesting any weight gain
- extreme thinness

Question 19

What are the treatments for anorexia?

Answer 19

Outpatient therapy(restore weight)
Psychological interventions(help understand dysfunctional attitudes

Question 20

Bulimia nenosa(define, symptoms and criteria)

Answer 20

Recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging
-at least once a week for 3 months

Question 21

What are treatments for bulimia?

Answer 21

Treat physical conditions,normalize eating patterns
-reduce rigid food rules and body image concerns
-develop sense of self-control

Question 22

How can you distinguish between anorexia and bulimia?
Which has a better prognosis?

Answer 22

Anorexia is starving while bulimia is over eating with purging
-bulimia has a better prognosis

Question 23

What disorder has the highest mortality rate?

Answer 23

Anorexia

Question 24

What is binge eating disorder?

Answer 24

Involves bingeing, feeling of loss of control, and marked distress over binge eating episodes
-doesn’t involve vomiting, fasting or excessive exercise

Question 25

Symptoms, criteria of bed

Answer 25

History of binge eating episodes at least once a week for 3 months

Question 26

Causes and treatments of bed

Answer 26

Poor mood, decreased alertness, cravings for sweets -similar to bulimia, include healthy approaches to weight loss -factors that trigger overeating -team strategies to reduce binges

Question 27

What is the difference between bed and bulimia?

Answer 27

Binge eating doesn't include purging unlike bulimia

Question 28

What is the difference between depression and normal mood swings?

Answer 28

Depression continues for days, weeks or months, involves extreme reactions - intense sadness and loss of interest in normally enjoyed activities

Question 29

Define mood symptoms; cognitive symptoms, behavioral and physiological

Answer 29

Brief depressive and hypomanic symptoms

Question 30

Define mania. Define hypomania.

Answer 30

Hypomania: increase levels of activity or energy(milder form ) Mania: even more pronounced mood change, behaviors prom euphoria to extreme irritability

Question 31

Define Major depressive disorder, major depressive episode and persistent depressive disorder

Answer 31

Major depressive disorder: occurrence of at least one major depressive episode,no history of mania or hypomania Persistent depressive disorder:depressed mood that has lasted for at least 2 years

Question 32

Define bipolar I and bipolar 2

Answer 32

Bipolar I: at least one manic episode( with or without a history of major depression) Bipolar 2: at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode

Question 33

Lithium is best but why is it used with caution.

Answer 33

Used in batteries, clients have to be checked on regularly in case of death

Question 34

Theories of depression

Answer 34

The way people think, learned helplessness

Question 35

Treatments of depression.

Answer 35

Classes of antidepressants Sleep deprivation followed by sleep recovery Light therapy

Question 36

2 subtypes of anorexia?

Answer 36

Restricting and binge-eating purging

Question 37

Which eating disorder is more prevalent?

Answer 37

Bulimia

Question 38

Body dissatisfaction

Answer 38

Is a robust risk factor for developing an eating disorder

Question 39

Which personality trait is associated with anorexia?

Answer 39

Perfectionism

Question 40

Most common complication from purging?

Answer 40

Erosion of tooth enamel

Question 41

4 domains of depressive symptoms?

Answer 41

Mood, cognitive, behavioral and physiological

Question 42

What is chronic depression for at least 2 years?

Answer 42

Persistent depressive disorder

Question 43

Bipolar I or bipolar 2- how do you distinguish between the two?

Answer 43

Bipolar l has one manic episode with or without major depression while bipolar 2 has at least one manic episode with a depressive episode

Question 44

What is the cognitive explanation for depression?

Answer 44

Rumination

Question 45

What neurotransmitter is low with depression?

Answer 45

Serotonin

Question 46

What causes panic attacks?

Answer 46

Have fewer serotonin receptors