Unit 2 Test 2

Question 0

The Esophagus-

Answer 0

a long, straight tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach

Question 1

Define the Digestive System-

Answer 1

the organs that break down food so it can be used by the body

Question 2

The Stomach-

Answer 2

a saclike, digestive organ that is between the esophagus and the small intestines and that breaks down food by actions of muscles, enzymes, and acids

Question 3

The Small Intestines-

Answer 3

the organ between the stomach and the large intestines where most of the breaking down of food happens and most of the nutrients from food are absorbed

Question 4

The Large Intestines-

Answer 4

The broader and smaller portion of the intestines, where water is removed from mostly digestive food to turn the waste into semisolid feces, or stool

Question 5

The Pancreas-

Answer 5

the organ that lies behind the stomach and that makes digestive enzymes and hormones that regulates sugar levels

Question 6

The liver-

Answer 6

the largest organ in the body; it makes bile, stores and filters blood, and stores excess sugar, as glycogen

Question 7

The excretory system-

Answer 7

the system that collects and excretes nitrogenous wastes and excess water from the body in the form of urine

Question 8

The kidney-

Answer 8

one of the organs that filter water and wastes from the blood, excrete products as urine, and regulate the concentration of certain substances in the blood

Question 9

The Nephrons-

Answer 9

the unit in the kidney that filters blood

Question 10

Urine-

Answer 10

the liquid excreted by the kidneys, stored in the bladder, and passed through the urethra to the outside of the body

Question 11

Enzyme

Answer 11

A type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed

Question 12

The Nervous System-

Answer 12

organ system that is made of the structures that control the reactions and actions of the body

Question 13

The brain-

Answer 13

The body’s/nervous system’s central command organ

Question 14

The spinal cord-

Answer 14

a column of nerve tissue running from the base of the brain through the vertebral column

Question 15

The Neuron-

Answer 15

a nerve cell that is specialized to receive and conduct electrical impulses

Question 16

The dendrite-

Answer 16

branchlike extension of the neuron that that receives impulses from neighboring neurons

Question 17

The axon-

Answer 17

an elongated extension of a neuron that carries impulses away from the cell

Question 18

Endocrine System-

Answer 18

A collection of glands and group of cells that secrete hormones that regulate growth, development, and adrenal glands, the hypothalamus, the pineal body and other glands

Question 19

Hormone-

Answer 19

a substance that is made in one cell or tissue and that causes a change in another cell or tissue in a different part of the body

Question 20

Gland-

Answer 20

a group of cells that make chemicals for use elsewhere in the body

Question 21

Sperm-

Answer 21

the male sex cell

Question 22

Testes

Answer 22

the primary male reproductive organs, which produce sperm cells and testosterone

Question 23

Penis

Answer 23

the male organ that transfers sperm to the female reproductive system and that carries urine out of the body

Question 24

Egg

Answer 24

a sex cell produced by a female

Question 25

Ovary

Answer 25

in the female reproductive system of animals, an organ that produces eggs

Question 26

Uterus

Answer 26

in the female placental mammals the hollow, muscular organ in which an embryo embeds and develops into a fetus

Question 27

Vagina

Answer 27

the female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus

Question 28

Embryo-

Answer 28

in humans, a developing individual from first division after fertilization through the tenth week of pregnancy

Question 29

Placenta-

Answer 29

The partly fetal and partly maternal organ by which materials are exchanged between a fetus and the mother

Question 30

Umbilical Cord

Answer 30

the rope-like structure through which blood vessels pass and by which a developing fetus or embryo gets the nutrients that it needs

Question 31

Fetus-

Answer 31

a developing human from the end of the 10th week of pregnancy until birth

Question 32

What function is carried out by your saliva?

Answer 32

It is chemically digesting the food.

Question 33

What is the main functions of the excretory system?

Answer 33

To remove waste from the body

Question 34

What is the interactions between the digestive system and the resiratroy?

Answer 34

To use the energy in food broken down by digestive system, the body needs oxygen obtained by the respiratory system

Question 35

Which structure filters wastes from the blood and regulates the amount of water in the body to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 35

The kidneys

Question 36

What organs are used to digest food? Put them in order.

Answer 36

1. Esophagus 2. stomach 3. small intestine 4. large intestine

Question 37

What type of neurons sent impulses to your muscles?

Answer 37

Motor

Question 38

What endocrine system disorder that could cause blood glucose levels to be higher than these levels at all times?

Answer 38

Diabetes

Question 39

Which sense provides her brain with this information?

Answer 39

Touch

Question 40

How would the endocrine system respond after a person digests a piece of fruit?

Answer 40

It would release more of the hormone that helps cells take glucose out of the body.

Question 41

What is the role of the nervous system?

Answer 41

to gather and respond to information

Question 42

What is the function of the cerebrum?

Answer 42

Where you think and problem solve

Question 43

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 43

keeps track of body positionc

Question 44

What is the function of the brain to the spinal cord?

Answer 44

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

Question 45

What does the PNS do?

Answer 45

The PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body. The PNS contains sensory and motor nerves. Sensory nerves get impulses to muscle. Motor nerves get information form the environment.

Question 46

What does the CNS do?

Answer 46

The CNS is made up of the spinal cord and the brain. The brain is like the command center of the body. The spinal cord allows the brain to communicate with the rest of the body.

Question 47

How are hormone levels controlled?

Answer 47

Hormone levels are controlled by the feedback mechanism which is a cycle of events in which information from one step controls or affects a previous step.