Unit 2 - The H/Body, Anatomy

Question 1

What describes the body’s structures - what they are made of & where they are located?

Answer 1

Anatomy - literally means “to cut apart”

Question 2

???? anatomy examines what can be seen with the naked eye, incl external features such as size, shape, colour

Answer 2

Gross anatomy (macroscopic)

Question 3

???? anatomy examines cells & molecules at microscopic level?

Answer 3

Microscopic anatomy

Question 4

What is the name for the study of cells and their structures?

Answer 4

cytology

Question 5

What is the name for the study of tissues and their structures?

Answer 5

histology

Question 6

What is the name for the study of diseased body structures incl. gross & microscopic anatomy?

Answer 6

pathology

Question 7

????? anatomy examines conception to death

Answer 7

developmental anatomy

Question 8

What is the study of development from the fertilized egg through the 8th wk in utero?

Answer 8

embryology

Question 9

What is the study of functions of anatomical structures - what each body part does, how it does it & how it relates to other body parts.

Answer 9

Physiology

Question 10

Structural organisation 1.

Answer 10

Chemical Level

Question 11

Structural organisation 2.

Answer 11

cellular level

Question 12

Structural organisation 3.

Answer 12

tissue level

Question 13

Structural organisation 4.

Answer 13

organ level

Question 14

Structural organisation 5.

Answer 14

body system level

Question 15

Structural organisation 6.

Answer 15

organism

Question 16

Chemical Level, what chemical unit made up of elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, carbon & nitrogen make up about 96% of body weight?

Answer 16

atoms

Question 17

Chemical Level, what is the group of atoms working together, e.g. DNA, RNA, proteins & water called?

Answer 17

molecules

Question 18

Cellular level - A ??? is made up of a group of molecules working together, is the smallest unit capable of independent existence & is fundamental to all living things?

Answer 18

cell - cells come in a variety of shapes & sizes.

Question 19

Cellular Level - all cells, regardless of their function are surrounded by this (what is this??) membrane which acts as a barrier & regulator.

Answer 19

plasma cell membrane - this is semipermeable, allowing some substances such as water, nutrients, waste to pass into & out of the cell & blocking others.

Question 20

Cellular level - what is the jelly-like material enclosed by the cell membrane, surrounding the nucleus. contains various organelles.

Answer 20

cytoplasm

Question 21

Cellular level - what is the particular structure that carries out all the necessary functions of the cell.

Answer 21

organelle “little organ”

Question 22

Cellular level - what controls the operations of the cell?

Answer 22

nucleus

Question 23

Cellular level - what are the long, rod like threads of DNA called?

Answer 23

chromosomes - they contain the instructions that control cell metabolism & heredity.

Question 24

Cellular level - collectively the chromosomes are called?

Answer 24

chromatin

Question 25

Cellular level - cell reproduction. The process of reproduction or duplication of all cell types except for gametes is?

Answer 25

mitosis

Question 26

Cellular level - cell reproduction. Reproduction to create sperm or egg to permit sexual reproduction is called?

Answer 26

meiosis

Question 27

Tissue Level - what covers the internal & external surfaces of the body?

Answer 27

epithelial tissue - external is skin

Question 28

Tissue Level - this tissue functions to support & shape the body structures.

Answer 28

connective tissue - common types are tendon, ligaments, blood, bone, cartilage & fat.

Question 29

Tissue Level - muscle cells are long and slender, & are often referred to as fibres.

Answer 29

muscle tissue

Question 30

Tissue level - there are 3 types of muscle tissue which one is found within organs such as the stomach, intestines & bladder?

Answer 30

smooth (visceral) muscle tissue. referred to as involuntary as movement is not under conscious control.

Question 31

Tissue level - there are 3 types of muscle tissue which type is connected to bones.

Answer 31

skeletal (striated) muscle tissue. referred to as voluntary as we consciously control their actions.

Question 32

Tissue level - there are 3 types of muscle tissue. These muscles of the heart contract to pump blood out & then relax to let blood in.

Answer 32

cardiac muscle tissue or myocardium. these muscles are involuntary.

Question 33

What is the name for all the body systems working together to promote the life of the individual human being?

Answer 33

Organism