Unit 2 - The Human Body positions

Question 1

lying on back, face upwards(remember up is in …)

Answer 1

supine

Question 2

lying on the front, face downwards

Answer 2

prone

Question 3

toward the head or upper part of a structure

Answer 3

superior or cranial

Question 4

away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure

Answer 4

inferior or caudal

Question 5

near or at the front of the body

Answer 5

anterior or ventral

Question 6

near or at the back of the body

Answer 6

posterior or dorsal

Question 7

nearer the midline of teh body or a structure

Answer 7

medial

Question 8

near or towards teh side of the body or structure

Answer 8

lateral

Question 9

between a medial and lateral structure

Answer 9

intermediate

Question 10

on the same side of the body

Answer 10

ipsilateral

Question 11

on the opposite side of the body

Answer 11

contralateral

Question 12

nearer the attachment of an extremity to the trunk or a structure (remember …al is in close ….ity to the trunk)

Answer 12

proximal

Question 13

farther from the attachment of an extremity to the trunk or a structure (remember …al is …ant from the trunk)

Answer 13

distal

Question 14

toward or on the surface of the body

Answer 14

superficial

Question 15

away from the surface of the body

Answer 15

deep

Question 16

pertaining to the outer wall of a body cavity

Answer 16

parietal

Question 17

pertaining to an internal organ of the body

Answer 17

visceral

Question 18

lengthwise plane that divides the body into right and left sections

Answer 18

sagittal plane

Question 19

lengthwise plane that divides a structure into anterior and posterior sections

Answer 19

coronal or frontal plane

Question 20

horizontal plane that divides a structure into superior and inferior sections

Answer 20

transverse or axial plane

Question 21

a sagittal plane that runs through the midline and divides the body into two equal halves

Answer 21

midsagittal

Question 22

The first major sections divide the body into ?

Answer 22

axial (head, neck, shoulders & torso) and appendicular (the appendages, or arms & legs)

Question 23

The two principal body cavities are:

Answer 23

Dorsal & ventral

Question 24

What does the dorsal cavity contain?

Answer 24

the brain & the spinal cord

Question 25

The ventral cavity can be subdivided into 2 parts which are?

Answer 25

Thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities

Question 26

What cavity contains the lungs, heart, oesophagus, broncial tubes, thymus gland & aorta?

Answer 26

Thoracic cavity

Question 27

What is the sub cavity space surrounding each lung?

Answer 27

pleural cavity - lined by a double membrane called pleura & is filled with pleural fluid.

Question 28

What is the sub cavity space centrally located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs.

Answer 28

Mediastinum - contains all organs of the thoracic cavity other than the lungs.

Question 29

What is the sub cavity space surrounding the heart?

Answer 29

pericardial cavity - it is filled with a serous fluid known as pericardial fluid.

Question 30

Within the abdominopelvic cavity, what is the superior cavity called?

Answer 30

abdominal cavity which contains stomach, liver, sml inest, most of large intest, pancreas, spleen & gallbladders

Question 31

Within the abdominopelvic cavity, what is the inferior cavity called?

Answer 31

pelvic cavity which contains sigmoid colon, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters & in the female it contains uterus & vagina.

Question 32

The abdominal cavity is surrounded by a double folded membrane called the?

Answer 32

Peritoneum.

Question 33

Behind the peritoneum is the ???? area which contains the kidney & adrenal glands?

Answer 33

retroperitoneal area

Question 34

The Dorsal cavity can be divided into two portions which are?

Answer 34

cranial cavity & spinal (vertebral) cavity.

Question 35

Which sub cavity contains the brains, its coverings, cerebrospinal fluid & the pituitary gland.

Answer 35

Cranial cavity

Question 36

Which sub cavity is bounded by the spinal column (backbone) & contains the spinal cord?

Answer 36

Spinal or vertebral cavity

Question 37

What are the four abdominopelvic quadrants?

Answer 37

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

Question 38

What are the nine abdomiopelvic regions?

Answer 38

Right & left hypochrondriac, right & light lumbar, right & left iliac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric

Question 39

Name of vertebrae starting with C and how many?

Answer 39

Cervical - seven, located in the neck region

Question 40

Name of vertebrae starting with T and how many?

Answer 40

Thoracic - twelve, located in the thoracic or chest region & attached to the ribs

Question 41

Name of vertebrae starting with L and how many?

Answer 41

Lumbar - five, located in waist/loin region

Question 42

Name of vertebrae starting with S and how many?

Answer 42

Sacral - five, located in lower back and are fused together to make one bone, the sacrum.

Question 43

Name of vertebrae starting with C and how many?

Answer 43

Coccygeal - four vertebrae that are fused together to form the coccyx (tailbone)