unit 2 vocab

Question 1

population distribution

Answer 1

the pattern of human settlement- the spread of people across the earth. representing it on a map highlights places that are crowded, sparsely settled, or even empty.

Question 2

population density

Answer 2

a measure of the average population per square mile or kilometer of an area. it measures how crowded a place is.

Question 3

mid-latitudes

Answer 3

the regions between 30 degrees & 60 degrees, north & south of the equator. these areas have more moderate climates and better soils than regions at higher or lower latitudes do.

Question 4

social stratification

Answer 4

the hierarchical division of people into groups based on factors such as economic status, power and/or ethnicity.

Question 5

arithmetic population density

Answer 5

calculated by dividing a regions population by its total area, says little about population distribution

Question 6

physiological population density

Answer 6

calculated by diving population by the amount of arable land, or land suitable for growing crops

Question 7

arable

Answer 7

land suitable for growing crops

Question 8

agricultural population density

Answer 8

compares the number of farmers to the area of arable land, gives an indication of the efficiency of the region’s farmers

Question 9

redistricting

Answer 9

boundary adjustments

Question 10

infrastructure

Answer 10

refers to the facilities and structures that allow people to carry out their typical activities, the larger the city grows, the more demands it’ll have on infrastructure
ex. sewer systems, electrical grids, roads and bridges, etc.

Question 11

overpopulation

Answer 11

having more people than it can support

Question 12

carrying capacity

Answer 12

the number of people a region can support without damaging the environment, the higher the population density, usually the greater amount of strain on the environment

Question 13

age-sex composition graph

Answer 13

commonly called a population pyramid, one of the most useful tools to study population, based on age and gender data but can provide information on birth rates, death rates, how long people live on average & economic development

Question 14

population pyramid

Answer 14

another name for age-sex composition pyramid

Question 15

cohorts

Answer 15

age groups

Question 16

birth deficit

Answer 16

the slowdown of births

Question 17

baby boom

Answer 17

once hostilities end and peace resumes, the birth rate often spikes

Question 18

baby bust

Answer 18

after a baby boom ends, the birth rates are lower for a number of years & continues until the boomers reach childbearing age

Question 19

echo

Answer 19

reflections of earlier baby booms in baby busts

Question 20

potential workforce

Answer 20

the group expected to be the society’s labor force

Question 21

dependent population

Answer 21

people considered too young or too old to work full-time and are assumed to rely on the economically active workforce to keep the society running

Question 22

dependency ratio

Answer 22

the comparison between the size of potential workforce and the dependent workforce