Unit 3

Question 1

Black Tuesday

Answer 1

Over 16,410,000 shares of stocks were sold on Wall Street.

Question 2

Hoovervilles

Answer 2

Impoverished victims of the Great Depression slept in homeless tents. This ruined the reputation of Hoover’s administration.

Question 3

Reconstruction Finance Cooperation

Answer 3

A government lending agency under Hoover that assisted insurance companies, banks, and local governments.`

Question 4

Norris-LaGuardia Anti-Injunction Act

Answer 4

Law that banned anti-unions, work contracts, and federal courts from allowing strikes. Labor friendly.

Question 5

Bonus Army

Answer 5

20,000 veterans marched to Washington to demand immediate pay of bonuses after WW1.

Question 6

20th Amendment

Answer 6

“Lame Duck Amendment” Changed inauguration date from March 4 to January 20.

Question 7

Brain Trust

Answer 7

Specialists in law, economics, and welfare helped Franklin D. Roosevelt create policies of the New Deal.

Question 8

New Deal

Answer 8

Economic and Political policies under Roosevelt that sought to solve the problems of the Great Depression.

Question 9

Hundred Days

Answer 9

First 100 days of Roosevelt’s administration where a never done before amount of reform bills were passed to launch the New Deal.

Question 10

Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act

Answer 10

Created the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; insured individual banking deposits.

Question 11

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Answer 11

An agency that helped over 370 bank failures.

Question 12

Civilian Conservation Corps

Answer 12

Government program created by Congress that hired young men to plant trees, fight fires, etc.

Question 13

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

Answer 13

Under Roosevelt, it gave 500 million dollars in federal funds to state agencies.

Question 14

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Answer 14

Raised agricultural prices by paying farmers to not farm.

Question 15

Court Packing Plan

Answer 15

Roosevelt’s scheme to add a new justice to the Supreme Court for every member over 70 who refused to retire.

Question 16

Civil Works Administration

Answer 16

Created manual-labor jobs that were not permanent for millions of unemployed workers.

Question 17

Father Charles Coughlin

Answer 17

Canadian American Catholic Priest; Founding Priest of National Shrine of the Little Flower.

Question 18

Elenor Roosevelt

Answer 18

Franklin’s wife; first lady of the U.S. An American figure, activist, and diplomat.

Question 19

Francis Perkins

Answer 19

An American workers-rights activist who was the 1st woman to serve in a presidential cabinet and she served as the 4th U.S. secretary of labor.

Question 20

Mary McLeod Bethune

Answer 20

An American educator, philanthropist, womanist, civil right activist, and humanitarian. One of the earliest black activists.

Question 21

21st Amendment

Answer 21

Repealed 18th Amendment; ended prohibition

Question 22

National Recovery Administration

Answer 22

Known as “National Run Around” assisted with industry labor and the unemployed. Created a sense of fair competition.

Question 23

Public Works Administration

Answer 23

Led by Sec. Of Interior Harold L. Ickes. It reduced unemployment and constructed new public buildings and roads.

Question 24

Dust Bowl

Answer 24

Region in the Great Plains that had a lot of droughts and dust storms. Led to migration of “Okies” and “Arkies” To California.

Question 25

Grapes of Wrath

Answer 25

Written by John Steinbeck; showed hardships of Great Depression and sympathy towards farmers.

Question 26

Securities Exchange

Answer 26

Provided investors and markets with more reliable information and rules of honest dealing.

Question 27

Tennessee Valley

Answer 27

One of the most revolutionary of New Deal. Provided low-cost housing, environmental improvement, and cheap electric power to Americans in the valley.

Question 28

Social Securities Act

Answer 28

Provided for unemployment and old-aged insurance financed by a payroll tax on employees/employeers.

Question 29

Wagner Act

Answer 29

Known as National Labor Relations Act. Protected the right of labor to organize in union and bargain with employees. Led to decades of labor protest.

Question 30

Fair Labor Standards Act

Answer 30

Regulated minimum wages and maximum hours for workers in interstate commerce. Outlawed labor by children under 16, and Blacks, Mexicans, and women did not benefit from this act.

Question 31

Congress of Industrial Organization

Answer 31

Broke away from the AFL in order to reorganize unskilled industrial workers despite their economy and status.

Question 32

Keynesianism

Answer 32

Economic theory by John Maynard Keyes; central banks should adjust interest rates and governments should use deficit spending.

Question 33

Schecter v. U.S.

Answer 33

Challenged Espionage and Sedition Act. “Clear and danger”

Question 34

Federal Housing Administration

Answer 34

Modernized America’s mortgage system; improved housing stocks. Prevented millions of Americans from losing their homes; allowed Americans to purchase their first home.

Question 35

Huey Long

Answer 35

“Kingfish” American politician who served as 40th governor of Louisiana and U.S. Senator until he was assassinated.