Unit 3

Question 1

Refers to change in behavior potentiality

Answer 1

Learning

Question 2

Refers to the translation of this potentiality into behavior

Answer 2

Performance

Question 3

A low degree of stress is associated with __________

Answer 3

low performance

Question 4

High stress can set the system into __________ which leads to less brain activity in the cortical areas where higher-level learning happens

Answer 4

fight-or-flight mode

Question 5

Learning without understanding e.g. memorization

Answer 5

Rote Learning

Question 6

Learning with understanding

Answer 6

Rational Learning

Question 7

The adaptation of movement to stimuli relating to speed and precision of performance

Answer 7

Motor Learning

Question 8

Is learning through establishing RELATIONSHIP

Answer 8

Associational Learning

Question 9

coined Classical Conditioning

Answer 9

Ivan Pavlov

Question 10

Something is added to increase the likelihood of the behavior

e.g. child gets praise from parent for good school grades

Answer 10

Positive Reinforcement

Question 10

coined Operant Conditioning

Answer 10

BF Skinner

Question 11

Something is removed to increase the likelihood of a behavior

e.g. a child cleans their room to avoid nagging parents

Answer 11

Negative Reinforcement

Question 12

Something is added to decrease the likelihood of a behavior

e.g. parent scolding a child for fighting with their sibling

Answer 12

Positive Punishment

Question 13

Something is removed to decrease the likelihood of a behavior

e.g. child losing iPad privileges after refusing to eat vegetables

Answer 13

Negative Punishment

Question 14

Process of acquiring attitudes, ideas, satisfaction and judgment concerning values as well as the recognition of worth and importance which learner gains from activities

Answer 14

Appreciational Learning

Question 15

Most recent impression or association is more likely to be recalled

Answer 15

Recency

Question 16

Knowledge encountered most often is more likely to be recalled

Answer 16

Frequency

Question 17

Learning is proportional to vividness of the process

Answer 17

Vividness

Question 18

Using what has learned will help its likelihood to be recalled

Answer 18

Exercise

Question 19

Readiness to learn is proportional to the efficiency of learning

Answer 19

Readiness

Question 20

__________ is the single factor that enables problem solving and doing well in all areas of cognition

It involves reasoning, problem solving ability, knowledge memory and the successful adaptation to one’s surrounding

Answer 20

Intelligence

Question 21

Observable and measurable end result of several objectives that are to be accomplished in a given time frame

Desired results or outcomes one wishes to achieve

Vision/Aim

Answer 21

Goals

Question 22

Goal: __________

Vision: __________

Answer 22

short term

long term

Question 23

__________ is an idea of what you want to be or what you want to do

__________ are more specific: ‘What do I need to do to reach my vision”

Answer 23

Vision

Goals

Question 24

They determine, what you want to do, where you want to go

Answer 24

Guide to Act

Question 25

Energizes people to move

Answer 25

Motivates One’s Behavior

Question 26

Pioneers of Goal Setting Theory:

Answer 26

Edwin Locke and Gary Latham

Question 27

Goal setting is essentially linked to __________

Answer 27

task performance

Question 28

Your goal should be clear and __________, otherwise you won/t be able to focus your efforts or feel truly motivated to achieve it

Answer 28

specific

Question 29

Setting __________ goals is important in order to track your progress and stay motivated

Answer 29

measurable

Question 30

Goals need to be realistic and achievable for it to be successful Goals should also motivate you to stretch your abilities towards proper planning You will further begin to identify different resources that can bring you close to it

Answer 30

Action Plan

Question 31

__________ goals must also be applicable to the present situation and aligned to the vision you set

Answer 31

Relevant

Question 32

Every goal needs a deadline, this will motivate you and help you focus toward your goal

Answer 32

Time-Bound

Question 33

What does S.M.A.R.T. mean?

Answer 33

Specific Measurable Action-Plan Relevant Time-Bound

Question 34

Pioneer of Human Motivation

Answer 34

Abraham Maslow

Question 35

Innate goodness Every human being has a strong desire to realize his or her full potential

Answer 35

Human Motivation

Question 36

they must be satisfied or mostly satisfied before higher level needs become activated

Answer 36

Prepotent

Question 37

People may pass through various lower levels before attaining this highest stage Each level has a basic need that must be met before moving up the hierarchy If lower needs are not met, then growth stops

Answer 37

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (Deficiency and Growth Needs)

Question 38

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (Deficiency and Growth Needs) from BOTTOM to TOP

Answer 38

Physiological Safety Love/Belonging Esteem Self-Actualization

Question 39

Pioneer of Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 39

Albert Bandura

Question 40

Pioneer of Growth Mindset Theory

Answer 40

Carol Dweck

Question 41

2 Categories According to Carol Dweck:

Answer 41

Fixed & Growth Mindset

Question 42

Those with a __________ believe that abilities are mostly innate and interpret failure as the lack of necessary basic abilities

Answer 42

“fixed mindset”

Question 43

Those with a __________ believe that they can acquire any given ability provided they invest effort or study

Answer 43

“growth mindset”