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UTS Finals > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

An internal alarm system, the body’s response to a real or perceived threat

A

Stress

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2
Q

Stress is a combination of a (1) __________ and a (2) __________

A

stressor

stress response

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3
Q

Positive stress

Can help you achieve your goals

Research suggest that acceptable levels of stress may even help you to focus and concentrate better

A

Eustress

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4
Q

Negative stress

Can result when there is too much pressure or trauma and you are unable to cope with it

A

Distress

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5
Q

4 Categories of Stressors:

A

Environmental Stressors
Cognitive/Thinking Stressors
Personal Behavior Stressors
Life Situation Stressors

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6
Q

Poverty, pollution, crowding, noise, or natural disasters

A

Environmental Stressors

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7
Q

How a person perceives a situation (e.g. exams, problems)

A

Cognitive/Thinking Stressors

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8
Q

Negative reactions in the body and mind caused by using drugs or not exercising

A

Personal Behavior Stressors

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9
Q

Having a relative or pet die, parents who separate or divorce

A

Life Situation Stressors

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10
Q

Pioneer of General Adaptation Syndrome

A

Hans Selye

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11
Q

The Body’s Response to Stress happens in three stages and can occur whether the stress is physical or emotional, positive or negative:

A

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion/Fatigue

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12
Q

Refers to moderate, short lived stress responses, such as brief increases in heart rate

A

Positive Stress

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13
Q

Refers to stress responses that could disrupt brain architecture, but generally occur within a time limited period

A

Tolerable Stress

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14
Q

Refers to strong and prolonged activation of the body’s stress management systems in the absence of the buffering protection of adult support, disrupts brain architecture and leads to stress management systems

A

Toxic Stress

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15
Q

Personality is another factor in how you handle stress

A

Stress and Personality Types

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16
Q

Pioneers of Type A and B Stress and Personality Types

A

Meyer Friedman
Ray Rosenman

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17
Q

The __________ personality is described as a competitive, high achieving personality type most likely to develop heart disease or other significant health problems

A

Type A

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18
Q

The __________ personality is seen as a “laid back”, non-competitive personality type less likely to suffer from heart disease

A

Type B

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19
Q

Pioneers of Type C Stress and Personality Types

A

Lydia Temoshok
Henry Dreher

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20
Q

__________ people tend to be very pleasant and try to keep the peace but find it difficult to express emotions, especially negative ones

A

Type C

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21
Q

Pioneer of Type D Stress and Personality Types

A

Johan Denollet

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22
Q

__________ people have the tendency to experience increased negative emotions across time and situations and tend not to share these emotions with others, because of fear of rejection or disapproval

A

Type D

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23
Q

__________

Fear
- Thinking that courses in the university are highly difficult and thus, easy to fail
- Anxiety and doubts can be powerful sources of stress which can further aggravate one’s state

A

Affective

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24
Q

Most Frequent in Affective:

A

Fear and Anxiety

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25
Q

Negative responses (smoking, doing drugs, social withdrawal, over and under eating, an escape or avoidance)

Positive behaviors or resolve it (exercise, singing, studying)

Physiological stress responses

A

Behavioral

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26
Q

Is the study of the interaction between psychological processes and the nervous and immune systems of the human body

It is based on the prediction that an individual’s psychological state can influence their immune system via the nervous system

This perspective provides a scientific basis for the ‘mind over matter’, ‘think yourself well’ and ‘positive thinking, positive health’ approaches to life

A

Psychoneuroimmunology

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27
Q

Ang tensyon (stress) ay isang emosyonal at pisikal na reaksyon sa pagbabago

A

Definition of Stress in Filipino

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28
Q

Filipinos are very aware of the opinions of others and what people think of them

A

Hiya

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28
Q

Exposure to stressful life events or social environments

Negative physical and psychological outcomes

Physical illness and lower mental health

A

Social Stress

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29
Q

Debt of gratitude

Can cause stress as it refuses unconditional positive regard

A

Utang na Loob

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30
Q

The pressure to conform causes stress (Zhang, Deng, Yu, Zhao, and Liu, 2016)

A

Pakikisama

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31
Q

Filipinos are sensitive to attacks on their own self-esteem and dignity

A

Karangalan

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32
Q

Lack of justice causes stress

A

Katarungan

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33
Q

Absence of “Freedom and Mobility” causes stress

A

Kalayaan

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34
Q

“God will take care of things.”

Improvisatory skills of Filipinos

A

Bahala Na

35
Q

Courage in the face of difficulties and uncertainties

A

Lakas ng Loob

36
Q

Recognizing one’s convictions

Resistance or current clashes

A

Pakikibaka

37
Q

A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.

A

Mental Health

38
Q

A diagnosable illness that affects a person’s thinking, emotional state, and behavior, and disrupts a person’s ability to work and carry out other daily activities and engage in satisfying personal relationships.

Some are common, some are not.

May cause severe disability.

A

Mental Illness

39
Q

__________

An attempt to integrate into the traditional biomedical (the ‘bio’) model of health:

__________ and __________

A

The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness

psychological (the ‘psycho’) and environmental (the ‘social’)

40
Q

Pioneer of The Biopsychosocial Model of Health and Illness

A

George Engel

41
Q

The psycho aspects of health and illness were describes in terms of __________, __________ and __________

A

cognitions, emotions and behaviors

42
Q

Distorted/Irrational thoughts leading to maladaptive behaviors

A

Cognitive Distortions

43
Q

Mental and physical disorders develop from a genetic or biological predisposition for that illness combined with stressful conditions that play a precipitating or facilitating role

A

Diathesis-Stress Model

44
Q

Predisposing Factors:

A

Genetics
Biological Factor
Childhood Experiences

45
Q

Family history of a psychological disorder; related to defective genes

A

Genetics

46
Q

Such as oxygen deprivation at birth or poor nutrition during early childhood

A

Biological Factor

47
Q

Isolation, loneliness or shyness that creates a distorted view of the world

A

Childhood Experiences

48
Q

Precipitating Factor:

A

Stresses

49
Q

Minor daily stresses (internal or external), life events (family death, starting school), short-term factors (school assignment), long-term stress (chronic pain/illness)

A

Stresses

50
Q

__________ is a common but serious mood disorder that negatively affects an individual’s behavior, emotions, thoughts, bodily functions, and interpersonal relationships.

It is described as a feeling of intense sadness and may include loss of interest in activities a person usually enjoys.

It can lead to a variety of problems and difficulties in daily living, including academics.

Loss of Symbolic

A

Depression

51
Q

Introjection

A

Aggression

52
Q

Restlessness, feeling keyed up or on edge.

Being easily fatigued.

Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank.

Irritability.

Muscle tension.

Sleep disturbance

A

Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders

53
Q

administers objective and structured personality tests; conducts preparatory intake interviews of clients for psychological intervention sessions.

A

Psychometricians

54
Q

Focus is on clients potential and resolution of problems; common in education and career setting

A

Guidance Counselors

55
Q

Focus is on signs, symptoms and complaints of clients; serves as case managers in clinical setting

A

Psychiatric Nurses

56
Q

Focus is on the process of integration of clients in the community

A

Social Worker

56
Q

Focus is on resumption of activities of daily living: integration with community by honing occupational skills

A

Occupational Therapists

57
Q

Focus is on everyday life concerns that are not clinical in nature, can be specific to certain contexts such as business, executive, academic and sports science.

A

Life Coach

58
Q

__________ is defined as the thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations that are appraised as stressful

A

Coping

59
Q

Coping varies greatly:

A

Coping strategies

Coping styles

60
Q

__________ involves attempts to do something constructive about the stressful conditions that are harming, threatening, or challenging an individual.

A

Problem-focused coping

61
Q

__________ involves efforts to regulate emotions experienced due to the stressful event.

A

Emotion-focused coping

62
Q

Propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way

A

Coping Styles

63
Q

__________ is characterized by wanting to address the problem, get it out in the open and deal with it

A

Approach (confrontative, vigilant)

64
Q

__________

The __________ - where removing the stressor and avoiding it in the future is preferred

A

Avoidant (minimizing)

reverse

65
Q

The science of maintaining mental health and preventing the development of psychosis, neurosis, or other mental disorders.

A

Mental Hygiene

66
Q

practices to surround the individual with environmental influences that will enable to develop his/her full potentialities, to obtain emotional stability and to achieve personal and social adequacy

A

The Preventive Approach

67
Q

attempt to correct minor behavioral adjustments through counseling and psychotherapy.

A

The Therapeutic Approach

68
Q

concerned with detection and correction of serious but curative behavioral maladjustments.

A

The Curative Approach

69
Q

“the practice of activities that a mature person initiates and performs, within a time frame, to promote and maintain personal well-being, healthy functioning, and continuing development throughout life”

A

Self-Care

70
Q

Self-Care is __________

A

Self-Compassion

71
Q

“The process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or significant source of stress.”

A

Resilience

72
Q

Resilience came from the Latin verb __________, means literally the tendency or ability to spring back, and thus the ability of a body to recover its normal size and shape after being pushed or pulled out of shape, and therefore figuratively any ability to recover to normality after a disturbance (K. Wolter et al. 2012)

A

resilire (re-salire: to jump back)

73
Q

“Resilience is not a __________ that people either have or do not have. It involves behaviors, thoughts and actions that can be learned and developed in anyone.”

A

Trait

74
Q

“Resilience is a stable trajectory of health functioning after a highly adverse event.”

A

Outcome

75
Q

Determinants of Resiliency:

A

Biological
Psychological
Socio-cultural

76
Q

Dimensions of Resilience:

A

Vision
Composure
Reasoning
Health
Tenacity
Collaboration

77
Q

Accepting that we may not be able to change the situation, but that we can change the way we perceive it

“What hurts us the most heals us, only if we start to accept it.” (Rev. Fr. Rolando Dela Rosa, OP)

A

Acceptance

78
Q

Family, friends, romantic relationships that are characterized by love and trust

A

Caring and Supportive Relationships

79
Q

Understanding who you are

The real you behind all the labels

“The things that we love tell us what we are.” (St. Thomas Aquinas)

A

Self-Awareness

80
Q

Resourcefulness in the face of adversity; ability to employ various coping mechanisms in different situations

A

Creativity and Flexibility

81
Q

Positive environments that promote self-expression, supportive communities, and safe spaces

A

Safe and Positive Space

82
Q

Believing that the world is manageable and meaningful; combining strengths and values

A

Sense of Coherence

83
Q

Ability to manage and control emotions

A

Emotion Regulation Skills

84
Q

__________ contributes to well-being

A

Spirituality

UTS Finals (2 decks)

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