Unit 3 Flashcards

Fungi (75 cards)

1
Q

The fungi belong to the domain called

A

Eukarya

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2
Q

All cells composing a fungus have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles making these cells

A

eukaryotic

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3
Q

The fungi cannot make their own food and are termed

A

heterotroph

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4
Q

The fungi never contains

A

chloroplast and chlorophyll

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5
Q

Fungi do not have true

A

roots stems leaves

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6
Q

Fungi do not ____ their food

A

ingest

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7
Q

The fungi must live in or on their

A

food supply

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8
Q

The fungi secrete digestive

A

enzymes

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9
Q

Fungi food source and digestion occurs______ their bodies

A

outside

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10
Q

The digested material is then ____ by the fungal cells

A

absorbed

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11
Q

Fungi are largely responsible for ________ which recycles chemical elements from dead organisms and returns them to the ecosystem

A

decomposition

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12
Q

A few fungi are____ and feed upon other living organism

A

parasites

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13
Q

The living organism that a fungus feeds upon is called the

A

host

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14
Q

The fungi cell wall is composed of a different material than that found in the cell walls of plants. Plant cell walls are composed of

A

cellulose

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15
Q

The cell walls of fungi are composed of a material called

A

chitin

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16
Q

the same material is found in the _____of arthropods

A

exoskeleton

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17
Q

The fungi has no ______ requirements

A

light

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18
Q

Fungi thrive best in

A

darkness

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19
Q

Fungi prefer a ______ environment

A

damp

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20
Q

They prefer _____ conditions

A

warmth

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21
Q

But can survive in _____ conditions

A

cold

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22
Q

All fungi reproduce by producing

A

spores

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23
Q

The fungi can reproduce _____ and ____________

A

sexually and asexually

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24
Q

All fungi are what except for yeasts

A

multicellular

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25
Yeasts are the only fungi that are
unicellular
26
Long, branching chains and filaments of cell called
hyphea
27
Some fungi have ______ that divide the filaments into cells
cross walls
28
The structure of cross walls is called
septa
29
The thick, tangled mass of hyphae composing a fungus is called
mycelium
30
_____is a reproductive structure found in many fungi
fruiting body
31
Asexual reproductive cells produced by the fungi called
spores
32
The_____ is the structure that produces the spores
sporangium
33
The____ is the type of hypha that holds up the sporangium so that the wind can carry away the spores
sporangiophore
34
________ are hyphae that spread the fungus across the surface of the substrate
Stolon
35
Root like structures that anchor the fungus to the substrate and absorb water and minerals called
rhizoid
36
This is a method of asexual reproduction that occurs when cells or hyphae break off from the fungus and begin to grow on their own
fragmentation
37
Yeasts reproduce asexually by
budding
38
Fungi are neither ____ or _____
female male
39
The mating types are referred as _____ and _____
plus minus
40
When two hyphae fuse a _____ results
zygote
41
This structure then divides by_____ to produce a genetically different haploid organism
meiosis
42
The advantage of reproduction is that ______ offsprings will be produced
many
43
The advantage of sexual reproduction is_____ in the offspring
variation
44
The phylum of fungi that contains the imperfect fungi is called
deuteromycota
45
The phylum of fungi that contains the common molds is called
zygomycota
46
The phylum of fungi that contains the sac fungi is called
ascomycota
47
The phylum of fungi that contains the club fungi is called
basidiomycota
48
In the phylum zygomycota, zygotes develop into thick-walled structures called _____ that are able to withstand unfavorable conditions
zygospores
49
An _____ is a sexual spore cells
acsus
50
The reproductive structure that contains sexual spores is
ascospores
51
Largest phylum of fungi contain over 30,000 different species is
ascomycota
52
Many of the sac fungi produce asexual spores called
conidiospores
53
These spores are held up by structures called
conidiophore
54
Yeasts are fungi that are very important to man and are used in the _______ and _______ industries
baking brewing
55
The granules found in a package of yeast purchased from a store are called
ascospores
56
Bread dough contains very little
oxygen
57
The yeasts survive in this environment by carrying out
alcohol fermentation
58
During alcohol fermentation two wastes are produced called ____________________ and ______
carbon dioxide alcohol
59
The carbon dioxide gas is responsible for making the bread dough
rise
60
The fungi that are found in the phylum basidiomycota have specialized reproductive structures that are shaped like a
club
61
The club shaped spore producing structure is called
basidium
62
Basidia are found on the _______ that grow on the underside of a mushroom
gills
63
Mushrooms produce a type of spore called
basidiospores
64
The fruiting body of a mushroom is called
basidiocarp
65
The phylum deuteromycota contains the ____ fungi
imperfect
66
They are so called because scientists have never observed a ______ phase to their life cycle
sexual
67
Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead and decaying matter. These are termed
saprophytes saprobes
68
Some fungi are even ____and capture live roundworms to feed upon
carnivore
69
Life on Earth would be cease to exist without fungi. In their role as what
decomposer
70
The fungi after decomposes return to _______ to the ecosystem so that they may be used in the bodies of new organism
chemical element
71
Athlete foot and ringworm are two diseases caused by
parasitic
72
In a relationship called______ both organism will benefit from the relationship
mutualism
73
The relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped is called
commensalism
74
The relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
parasitism
75
There is a relationship in what with fungus and a particular type of algae
lichen