unit 3 Flashcards
(26 cards)
how do ppl make moral decisions
relative morality
absolute morality
conscience
virtues
sin
the law
past experiences
how do muslims make moral decisions
quran hadith sunnah
fitrah
sharia law
how do Christians make moral decisions
natural law (absolute morality based on the catholic doctrine)
situational ethics (relative morality based on agape love as its the most moral thing)
secular moral decisions key thinker
utilitarianism (based on the greatest happiness for the greatest amount of people)
Jeremy Bentham based on social justice as majority wasnt benefiting and minority was prospering.
name the different aims of punishment and what they mean
justice - fairness
retribution - revenge or getting even
deterrence - stop other committing the crime
reformation - rehabilitate prisoners so they dont do it again (forgiveness)
vindication - shows law should be followed
reparation - repairing the damage done
protection - so less ppl become victims of crime
islam punishment
muslims should make choice between good and evil deeds
(AZIM KHAMISA forgave sons killer)
‘show forgiveness, enjoin what is good and turn away from the ignorant’
allah is known as ar rahman and ar raheem
‘indeed allah orders justice’
allah sets rules and humans have duty to follow em
christianity punishment
everyone has free will if thewy sin or commit crimes they must expect justice to follow
GEE WALKER FORGAVE SONS KILLER
‘forgive and you will be forgiven’
jesus taught compassion not revenge
‘turn them to the other cheek also’
treatment of prisoners (chaplains) islam
allah created everyone equally so we should support one another
prison chaplain can be imam to reinforce the idea of the ummah
acting as mentor discussing halal and haram and making sure prisoner read quran and lead prayer
‘whoever forgives … shall have reward from allah’
treatment of prisoners (chaplains) Christians
elizabeth fry wanted to improve lives of ppl in prison
chaplains role is to make sure they come back into society withj the highest possibility
offer forgiveness (like jesus) and support in spiritual healing
‘love thy neighbour’
Christian agree for death penalty
‘an eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth’
‘whoever shed a blood of a man…his blood must be shed’
ultimate punishment for worst crimes
to be done by authority so its justice not revenge
life in prison is expensive
this is seen as an old law
Christian disagree with death penalty
’ thou shall not kill’
‘love your enemies and pray for those who prosecute you’
this means that jesus teaches forgiveness love and compassion as 2 wrongs dont make a right
what if a mistake was made with conviction (sanctity of life)
agree death penalty islam
life should only be taken for a just cause like murder or the attack of muslims
‘do not kill the soul which allah has forbidden except by right’
executions only happen for someone who unjustly murdered a person proven in a fair trial
or apostasy when a muslim who accepted islam starts declaring an open revolt against islam
disagree death penalty islam
‘never take a life which is sacred’
reconcilliation should take place
’ allah is forgiving and merciful’
punishment is important for ppl to be held accountable but shouldnt be killed
forgiveness in christianity
‘forgive and you will be forgiven’
jesus asked god to forgive the people who crucified him
‘forgive them for they dont know what they do’
forgiving is presenting the love of god
‘love thy neighbour’
examples of forgiveness chrisitanity
desmond tutu- apartheid in southafrica- forgiveness is the best option
gee walker- mother of anthony walker who died in a racial attack
‘jesus told his disciples that they shouldnt forgiver 7 times but 70 times 7 times’
islam teaching abt forgiveness
Allah forgiveness and human forgiveness ;humans need both as they make mistakes to both Allah and other humans
‘if you pardon and forgive.. allah is all forgiving and merciful’
Muslims should pardon poor behaviour as allah is all merciful
examples of forgiveness islam
prophet muhammad helped a sick elderly women who kept wronging him over and over again
azim khamisa-his son was killed and he set up an organisation that aims to prevent children to kill other children
the problem of evil
if god is omnibenevolent he would want to stop evil
if god was omnipotent he could stop evil
therefore logically there shouldn’t be any evil
but we can see evil in the world
theory made by help of Epicurus
natural evil and moral evil meaning and example
natural - caused through nature like tsunamis floods and earthquakes
moral- acts of humans which are considered to be morally wrong like stealing murder and kidnapping
orgins of evil christianity
humans are born with og sin
‘the intent of man’s heart is evil from youth’
adam and eve temped to eat forbidden fruit (first sin)
yu can be close to god as long as ur away from evil and avoiding sins like baptism wash away sins
islam origins of evil
all happens in qadr of allah (plan)
shaytan commited first evil act when he refused to obey allah
‘prostate before adam … except for iblees he refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers’
shaytan tries to temp humans into sin
suffering belief chrisitanity
test of faith (story of job) he was tested by god to keep his faith its easier to believe in god when everything is easier compared when things get harder
og sin- catholic belief humans inherited to do bad like adam and eve, god not to blame for suffering as humans can be greedy and start wars
soul making Christianity
Humans are created imperfect but with the potential for perfection through spiritual growth.
Suffering and trials are tools God uses to mature the soul, like a parent disciplining a child out of love.
The goal is to grow into the image and likeness of God — developing virtues like patience, humility, compassion, and faith.
suffering shapes us to be better people
muslims belief suffering (soul making asw)
suffering is a test to demonstrate faith in the will of allah
“Indeed, with hardship comes ease”
this omforts a muslim to know that suffering is NOT permanent however ease will always follow (promise of hope and relief)
‘we shall test you by afflicting you with fear ,hunger,loss of properties, life and crops.’
this means patience and trust tests our faith and increases us in reward in the eyes of allah (SABR)
help other through zakah and sadaqah this shows that you are self disciplined, freeing urself from love of money and greed.
