Unit 3

Question 1

what is logic?

Answer 1

• study of correct and incorrect reasoning
• study of valid and invalid/sound and unsound arguments
• critical evaluation of reasoning

Question 2

what are the characteristics of logic?

Answer 2

• not descriptive (not how people think)
• not empirical (no experiments or laboratory)
• normative science (standard to reason correctly)

Question 3

2 basic types of logic?

Answer 3

• deductive logic
• inductive logic

Question 4

what is deductive logic?

Answer 4

truth of the conclusion coheres to the structure of premises

Question 5

what is inductive logic?

Answer 5

truth of the conclusion based on truth of the premises

Question 6

what is deductive formal logic (symbolic logic)?

Answer 6

arguments are symbolized; form is analyzed, not content

Question 7

2 types of statements?

Answer 7

• simple statement (no connecting words)
• compound statement (connected by words “and”, “either or”, “if then”, and “if and only if”