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World History > Unit 3/4 > Flashcards

Unit 3/4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ahuramazda

A

Supreme God in Zoroastrianism, which originated in Persia.

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2
Q

Akhenaten

A

Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh, who created Monotheism, but it did not last.

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3
Q

Babylon

A

Civilization that came to be in Mesopotamia

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4
Q

City State

A

Originated in Mesopotamia; a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

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5
Q

Code of Hammurabi

A

Originated in Mesopotamia named after a ruler named Hammurabi; first extensive set of rules established to meet the requirements of justice.

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6
Q

Cuneiform

A

Originated in Mesopotamia; first extensive writing system.

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7
Q

Cyrus the Great

A

Emperor of Persian empire; loved for many reasons including his mercy as he won the approval of many of the people he conquered by not just having Persians lead government in his satraps, but also native people.

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8
Q

Darius

A

Empire of Persia, father of Xerxes, went to war with the Greeks.

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9
Q

Delta

A

The region where a river gathers its main source of water and the land is very fertile.

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10
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

Literature from Ancient Mesopotamia. Explores the after life and immortality.

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11
Q

Giza

A

A city on the outskirts of Cairo, home of the pyramids and sphinx.

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12
Q

Royal Road

A

A road in Persia that stretched all the way across the Persian empire.

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13
Q

Hatshepsut

A

First woman pharaoh that we know of; had a ton of power.

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14
Q

Hieroglyphs

A

First writing system in ancient Egypt, the letters are called Glyphs and look like pictures.

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15
Q

Magi

A

Priests of Persia

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16
Q

Menes

A

Founder of first dynasty of ancient Egypt.

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17
Q

Mummification

A

A process that prepares the dead in Egypt for the after life.

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18
Q

Osiris

A

Egyptian god of the deceased.

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19
Q

Pharaoh

A

A ruler in ancient Egypt, often thought of as a god

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20
Q

Prophet

A

A messenger of some sort often delivers messages from god.

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21
Q

Sargon

A

Ancient king of Mesopotamia

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22
Q

Satrap

A

Governor or ruler of provinces in Persia

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23
Q

Theocracy

A

A state in which religion is intertwined with political power

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24
Q

Tutenkhamen

A

King Tut, most of what we know about ancient Egypt we know because of his ruins.

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25
Uruk
Ancient Mesopotamian city in Sumer
26
Bureaucracy
Form of government in which power is held by political officials elected by the people.
27
Vizier
Second in command to the Pharoah in Ancient Egypt
28
Theocracy
A state in which religion is intertwined with political power.
29
Vedas
Ancient Hindu scriptures
30
Buddhism
Asian religion founded in India by Siddartha Gautama
31
Siddartha Gautama
Buddha; became the Buddha by escaping his kingdom he was locked away in (was a prince in India), letting go of material possessions.
32
Four Noble Truths
1. Human life has a lot of suffering (Dukkha), 2. The cause of suffering is greed (wanting things), 3. There is an end to suffering, 4. The way to end suffering is to follow the middle path (not wanting).
33
The Wheel
- Symbol in Buddhism, not only symbolizes the eightfold path but also the cycle of life.
34
Aura
Your energy field (Buddhism)
35
Lotus
Associated with purity and faith (Buddhism).
36
Stupas
Filled with relics
37
Missionaries
People who spread the ideas of faith
38
Mandate of Heaven-
Ruler must keep the approval of the gods, natural disasters were signs that the ruler was losing the approval of the gods
39
Analects
Confucius’ ideas and sayings.
40
Ahsoka
Grandson of Chandraguptan Maurya Converted to Buddhism Used Buddhist ideals to guide his rule Had many edicts which were guided by Buddhism
41
Brahman
Everything; “Supreme Unifying Force of the Universe”
42
Brahma
Creator(Hinduism
43
Vishnu
The preservers
44
Shiva
Destroyer
45
Brahmin
Priests(Hinduism)
46
The Mauryan Empire
First Indian empire Located in Northern India; Ganges Valley Blend of both Hinduism and Buddhism Founder was Chandraguptan Maurya, who ruled from 324-301 BCE.
47
Chandraguptan Maurya
First ruler of Mauryan Empire Establish Provinces Drove out foreign forces Used secret police Blended Buddhism and Hinduism
48
Pericles
Leader of Athens
49
Civilization Charecteristics
Culture Faith Economy Government Social Structure/Social Hierarchy Development of Cities Art/Architecture Development of Cities Military Writing
50
Legalists
Believed that humans were by nature evil
51
Yin Yang
The Chinese believed life was a dynamic process between light and dark; good and evil (Daoism).
52
Qin Dynasty
Originated after the Warring States period
53
Dao
The way; the path; the force that runs through all of the natural world
54
Daoism
Harmony and balance with the universe; work with the flow, "just be"
55
Merit System
People get position because they are qualified for that position.
56
Laozi
Originated Daoism
57
Legalism
All about control, thinks that humans need to be controlled as they are not good.
58
Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro
Some of the earliest ever city states
59
Ziggurat
Steps leading up to the temple in Mesopotamian city states
60
Social Hierarchy
A social class system with rankings, based on a multitude of things such as wealth, profession, and even gender.
61
Standard of Ur
Artwork that shows the different groups of Mesopotamia, made with a stone from Afghanistan showing trade.
62
Akkadian Empire
First ever empire Sargon was the leader
63
The Nile
River through Egypt floods at regular intervals, helping farming
64
Consensual vs. Coercive Power
Consensual is the leading of people who want the leader to rule while coercive is leading people through violence.
65
Palette of Narmer
Shows conquering and the merging of upper and lower Egypt
66
Old Kingdom
Pyramid Age, organized government in a bureacracy.
67
Middle Kingdom
"Golden Age" Height of the Egyptian's power
68
New Kingdom
Empire Period, conquered a lot of land
69
Menes
Headress for Ancient Egyptian Pharoas, establishes power
70
Papyrus
Egyptian paper made from reeds
71
3 Seasons
Flooding, Planting, Harvesting
72
Eyes and Ears of the King
Persian Spys
73
Persepolis
Capital of Persia
74
Apadana
Reception Hall
75
Zend Avesta
Book of Zorioastrianism
76
Acropolis
Hill leading up to a temple in Greek city states.
77
Agora
Market and political area near the Acropolis
78
Pathenon
Great temple dedicated to Athena.
79
Draco
Harsh laws and penalties
80
Solon
Cancelled land debts and freed debt slaves
81
Cleisthenes
Created council of 500
82
Ostracon
Ostrices people
83
Hellenistic vs. Hellenic
Hellenic is just Greece, Hellenistic is the combined culture of Greece.
84
Phillip
Alexander the Great's father took over Greece after their civil war
85
Dharma
Purpose of the living soul(Hindu)
86
Karma
The sum of a person's actions throughout their lives.
87
Dragon Bones
Written records of the Shang dynasty

World History (6 decks)

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