Unit 3 AOS 2

Question 1

human resource management

Answer 1

the effective management of the formal relationship between employer and employees

Question 2

motivation

Answer 2

the individual / internal process that directs / energises / sustains a person’s behaviour

Question 3

hierarchy of needs

Answer 3

motivational theory that suggests there is a sequence of human needs (5 steps) and that once a need has been achieved, it becomes obsolete as a motivating factor

Question 4

physiological (Maslow’s hierarchy)

Answer 4

most basic human needs

Question 5

safety (Maslow’s hierarchy)

Answer 5

need for safety / stability

Question 6

social (Maslow’s hierarchy)

Answer 6

need for love / belonging / inclusion / strong relationships / sense of connection / etc

Question 7

esteem (Maslow’s hierarchy)

Answer 7

need for self-esteem / power / control / recognition / respect / achievement / etc

Question 8

self-actualisation (Maslow’s hierarchy)

Answer 8

need for development / creativity / growth / fulfilment / achieving one’s potential / etc

Question 9

goal setting theory

Answer 9

proposes that employees are motivated by clear / specific / challenging goals, as well as appropriate feedback regarding the achievement of the goals

Question 10

clarity (goal setting theory)

Answer 10

goals should be simple / clear / specific as possible

Question 11

challenge (goal setting theory)

Answer 11

goal should extend the employee but still be achievable

Question 12

commitment (goal setting theory)

Answer 12

including employee when setting goal can serve as motivation

Question 13

feedback (goal setting theory)

Answer 13

once goal has been set, timely feedback should be made available

Question 14

task complexity (goal setting theory)

Answer 14

task difficulty should not be overwhelming, employees should feel as though they are able to complete tasks set to achieve the goal

Question 15

four drive theory

Answer 15

provides interpretation of human behaviour that covers all our emotions / motivations, and is firmly planted in our evolutionary past (hard-wired in the brains of all humans)

Question 16

drive to acquire

Answer 16

desire to own material goods / status / power / influence

Question 17

drive to bond

Answer 17

desire to form relationships with other individuals / groups

Question 18

drive to learn

Answer 18

desire to understand the world around us, to be challenged and be faced with interesting / varied experiences

Question 19

drive to defend

Answer 19

desire to ensure work enviro is safe / non-threatening, with high levels of trust between employees / management

Question 20

extrinsic reward

Answer 20

tangible / physical reward given to someone for achieving something

Question 21

intrinsic reward

Answer 21

intangible reward that comes from within the person achieving success / performing well

Question 22

performance related pay

Answer 22

monetary compensation provided to employees relative to how their performance is assessed according to set standards

Question 23

career advancement

Answer 23

assignment of more responsibilities / authority to employees or the promotion of employees

Question 24

investment in training

Answer 24

direction of finances / time into the teaching of skills to employees

Question 25

support strategies

Answer 25

assistance / services provided by the business to help employees cope with difficulties that may impede their work performance

Question 26

sanction strategies

Answer 26

form of penalty / discipline imposed on an employee for poor performance

Question 27

training

Answer 27

process of teaching staff how to do their job more efficiently / effectively by boosting their knowledge / skills

Question 28

on-the-job training

Answer 28

process of developing employee's skills / abilities within the workplace, often while they are performing their job

Question 29

off-the-job training

Answer 29

process of improving employee's skills / abilities away from the workplace

Question 30

performance management strategies

Answer 30

a focus on improving both business and individual performance through relating business performance objectives to individual employee performance objectives

Question 31

management by objectives

Answer 31

process by which a manager and an employee agree on a set of goals, with these goals all contributing to the objectives of a business

Question 32

appraisals

Answer 32

formal assessment of how efficiently / effectively an employee is performing their role in the business

Question 33

employee self-evaluation

Answer 33

process whereby employees carry out assessment on their own work performance based on set of agreed criteria

Question 34

employee observation

Answer 34

strategy where employee performance is witnessed / assessed so feedback can be provided to employee

Question 35

retirement

Answer 35

occurs when employee decides to give up work and no longer be a part of labour force

Question 36

resignation

Answer 36

voluntary ending of employment by employee 'quitting' their job

Question 37

redundancy

Answer 37

occurs when a person's job no longer exists

Question 38

voluntary redundancy

Answer 38

occurs when employees are informed of the situation and given the opportunity to nominate themselves for voluntary redundancy

Question 39

involuntary redundancy

Answer 39

occurs when employee is asked to leave business against their will because their job no longer exists

Question 40

dismissal

Answer 40

occurs when the behaviour of an employee is unacceptable and a business terminates their employment

Question 41

summary dismissal

Answer 41

when employee commits serious breach of their employment contract

Question 42

dismissal on notice

Answer 42

when employee is dismissed due to poor performance

Question 43

unfair dismissal

Answer 43

when employer dismisses an employee for discriminatory reasons

Question 44

entitlement considerations

Answer 44

the legal right to benefits that employees have when leaving the workplace

Question 45

transition considerations

Answer 45

issues relating to the process of changing from one job to another or from one set of circumstances to another

Question 46

workplace relations

Answer 46

the interactions between employers and employees, or their representatives, to achieve a set of working conditions that will meet the needs of employees, as well as allowing the business to achieve its objectives

Question 47

HR manager

Answer 47

manages relationship between the business and employees

Question 48

employees

Answer 48

people who work for the business in exchange for remuneration

Question 49

employer associations

Answer 49

organisation that provides advice and support to employers in order to help them better understand their obligations in the workplace

Question 50

unions (trade unions)

Answer 50

organisations formed by employees in an industry / trade / occupation to represent them in efforts to improve wages / working conditions of its members

Question 51

Fair Work Commission

Answer 51

Australia's national workplace tribunal that has a number of responsibilities under the Fair Work Act 2009

Question 52

Awards

Answer 52

legally binding document determined by Fair Work Commission that sets out minimum wages / conditions for whole industries / occupations

Question 53

enterprise agreements

Answer 53

agreement between a group of employees + their employer that sets out wages / conditions of work

Question 54

mediation

Answer 54

where an independent third party will aim to facilitate the conversation between two disputing parties, but doesn't offer suggestions / make decisions on their behalf

Question 55

arbitration

Answer 55

where disputing parties present their arguments to independent party, who will then determine the outcome that will favour one party or the other