unit 3 aos 3

Question 1

what is efficiency

Answer 1

the best use of resources in the production process

Question 2

what is effectiveness

Answer 2

whether a business has achieved its stated objectives

Question 3

what is operations management

Answer 3

the management of resources and functions within a business to achieve efficient output of finished goods or services in a way that adds value to the customers and creates a profit margin for the business

Question 4

types of inputs

Answer 4

materials, labour, technology, capital, utilities, time, entrepreneurial skills

Question 5

types of processes

Answer 5

storing, sorting, blending, packing

Question 6

what is the manufacturing sector

Answer 6

creates finished goods through combining factors of production in a production process

Question 7

difference between goods and services

Answer 7

whether or not they are tangible

Question 8

what is a good

Answer 8

a tangible product made for a customer

Question 9

what is a service

Answer 9

something intangible produced by a business to meet customer needs

Question 10

what are inputs

Answer 10

all the resources that go into producing a good or service

Question 11

what are processes

Answer 11

what is done to the inputs to transform them into finished outcomes

Question 12

what are outputs

Answer 12

the final goods or services produced as a result of a business’s operations system, that are delivered or provided to customers

Question 13

features of a good

Answer 13

tangible
production and consumption occur separately
can be stored as inventory
can be easily standardised and mass produced
minimal customer contact
capital intensive production processes

Question 14

features of a service

Answer 14

intangible
production and consumption occurs simultaneously
difficult to store
customised to meet individual customer requirements
high degree of customer contact
labour intensive production processes

Question 15

what are automated production lines

Answer 15

machinery and equipment that are arranged in a sequence, where the product is developed as it proceeds through each step

Question 16

what is robotics

Answer 16

Programmable machines that are capable of performing specified tasks

Question 17

what is computer aided design(CAD)

Answer 17

digital design software that aids the creation, modification and optimisation of a design and the design process

Question 18

what is computer aided manufacturing(CAM)

Answer 18

the use of software that controls and directs production processes by coordinating machinery and equipment through a computer

Question 19

what is artificial intelligence

Answer 19

using computerised systems to simulate human intelligence and mimic human behaviour

Question 20

what are online services

Answer 20

services that are provided via the internet

Question 21

what is forecasting

Answer 21

a materials planning tool that predicts customer demand for an upcoming period using past data and market trends

Question 22

what is a master production schedule

Answer 22

a plan that outlines what a business intends to produce, in specific quantities, within a set period of time

Question 23

what is materials requirement planning

Answer 23

a process that itemises the types and quantities of materials required to meet production targets set out in the master production schedule

Question 24

what is just in time

Answer 24

an inventory control approach that delivers the correct type and quantity of materials as soon as they are needed for production

Question 25

what is quality

Answer 25

a good or service's ability to satisfy a customers needs

Question 26

what is quality control

Answer 26

inspecting a product at various stages of the production process, to ensure it meets its designated standards, and discarding those that are unsatisfactory

Question 27

what is quality assurance

Answer 27

when a business achieves a certified standard of quality in its production after an independent body assesses its operations system

Question 28

what is total quality management

Answer 28

a holistic approach where all employees are committed to continuously improving the businesses operations system to enhance quality for customers

Question 29

what is waste

Answer 29

any resource that is discarded because it cannot be further used in in the production process

Question 30

what is waste minimisation

Answer 30

the process of reducing the amount of unused material, time or labour within a business

Question 31

reduce

Answer 31

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to decrease the amount of resources, labour or time discarded during production

Question 32

reuse

Answer 32

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to make use of items that would have otherwise previously been discarded

Question 33

recycle

Answer 33

a waste minimisation strategy that aims to transform items which would have otherwise been discarded

Question 34

what is lean management

Answer 34

the process of systematically reducing waste in all areas of a businesses operations system whilst simultaneously improving customer value

Question 35

what are the 4 lean management principles

Answer 35

pull one piece flow takt zero defects

Question 36

what is the pull strategy

Answer 36

the production of a good or service only starts when a customer places an order

Question 37

what is the one piece flow strategy

Answer 37

the operations process focussing on one good or service at a time

Question 38

what is the takt strategy

Answer 38

where the steps in the production of a good or service are synchronised to create a continuous flow

Question 39

what is the zero defects strategy

Answer 39

continuously improving until the operations process achieves zero defects

Question 40

what is CSR

Answer 40

a businesses ongoing commitment to go above and beyond the minimum acceptable standards and operate in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner

Question 41

what is global sourcing of inputs

Answer 41

a business acquiring raw materials and resources from overseas suppliers

Question 42

considerations for global sourcing of inputs

Answer 42

tariffs, quotas, free trade

Question 43

what is overseas manufacturing

Answer 43

a business producing goods and services outside of the country where its headquarters are located

Question 44

what is global outsourcing

Answer 44

transferring specific business activities to an external business in an overseas country

Question 45

what is outsourcing

Answer 45

the transfer of specific activities to an external business