Unit 3 (Chapter 6-8) Flashcards
(27 cards)
What was the Iron Curtain?
The barrier in Europe between the self-governing, pro-democratic, pro-capitalist countries of the West and countries in pro-soviet eastern Europe under communist Soviet control.
What is the Cold War?
The political, economic and social struggle between the Soviet Union and its allies, and the US and its allies, was conducted using propaganda, economic measures, and spying rather than military means.
Which 2 countries emerged from the Second World War as superpowers?
The USSR and USA
What was the Marshall Plan?
Financial and technical aid to help the recovery of countries ravaged by war in Europe in order to turn people capitalist
Why did the Soviet Union reject the Marshall Plan?
Because the Marshall Plan had individualism conditions. Countries had to turn Capitalist to receive financial help. The Soviet Union was against this because they were Communist.
What was the Molotov Plan?
A Soviet aid package. It offered trade agreements between other countries.
What was the Berlin Airlift? Why did it happen?
It was an effort to resupply the democratic side of Berlin. Stalin cut off West Berlin from all outside supplies. Stalin was upset that people kept leaving the Communist side for the Capitalist side. Stalin tried to prevent that.
What was the Berlin Wall? What was its purpose? (West and East view)
It separated West and East Berlin.
West view - it was to stop the flow of East Germans from Soviet-dominated east Berlin to West Berlin.
East View - claimed the wall was meant to protect them.
What was the purpose of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956? Why didn’t it succeed?
They were trying to overthrow the Communist government. It didn’t succeed because they expected the USA to help, but they didn’t due to the Truman Doctrine. So the USSR crushed the Rebellion.
What was the purpose of the Prague Spring of 1968? Why didn’t it succeed?
The new czech gov’t wanted to loosen restrictions on free speech, travel, the media, and limit the powers of the secret police. 4 countries (including the USSR) invaded and reversed the reforms. The USA didn’t help because the country was already communist. (remember the Truman doctrine)
What was the purpose of the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
It was the US trying to overthrow the Castro government in order to get rid of Communism in Cuba
What was the cause of and resolution to the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Cause : Castro (Cuba) and the USSR developed a relationship and the USSR brought missiles to Cuba and aimed them at the US.
Resolution : The USA and USSR compromised. The US agreed to remove their nuclear missiles from Turkey if the USSR removed theirs from Cuba. This worked.
What happened during the 1960 U-2 incident?
The U-2 was an American spy plane and when it arrived in the USSR it was shot down. The pilot of the U-2 was captured by the Soviets. The Soviets reported than an American Spy had been captured.
How did enfranchisement bring transformation?
As more citizens were given the right to vote, politicians who wanted to be elected had to introduce policies that would meet their needs like labour laws. This caused more and more protections for the working class.
What is the purpose if Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth?
They work to protect the environment.
What is neo-conservatism economic policy?
The belief that economic growth could be stimulated through cutting taxes and limited government involvement
What is neo-conservatism?
It is a reaction against modern liberal principles that were “taken too far”. (aka. An ideology that challenges modern liberalism and favours a return to classical liberalism.)
What is the view of neo-conservatives on the role of government?
They are uncomfortable with a large role for the government. They believe the government shouldn’t provide so many services.
What is the view of neo-conservatives on foreign policy?
They believe that patriotism should be encouraged and that a strong military is essential
What is the view of neo-conservatives on morality?
They base their morals on Christianity
What caused the stock market crash of 1929?
When stock prices stopped rising people began selling their stocks, the stock prices dipped farther and as more people sold, people panicked and prices dropped even more. Some stocks were cut in half
What was the impact of the Great Depression on America’s Economy?
It had a large negative impact on America’s economy. The unemployment rate was 25% and incomes were ~54% of what they were in 1929.
In what 2 distinct ways was Roosevelt’s New Deal a noteworthy response to the Great Depression?
- it extended government involvement and intervention in the economy farther than ever before and it represented an acceptance of the government having a direct role in the economy.
- It expanded the meaning of “people who matter” beyond the wealthy industrialists to apply to ordinary citizens.
What are 2 examples of Social Programs?
- The Unemployment Insurance Act (1940)
- Family Allowance (1944)
