Unit 3 - Culture

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Definition: The shared practices and beliefs and values of a group of people. Example: Traditional clothing and music are part of a community’s culture.

Question 2

Diffusion

Answer 2

Definition: The spread of ideas and practices or innovations from one place to another. Example: The popularity of sushi in Western countries illustrates cultural diffusion.

Question 3

Gender Roles

Answer 3

Definition: The social expectations and norms associated with being male or female. Example: In some societies women are expected to be primary caregivers reflecting traditional gender roles.

Question 4

Agriculture

Answer 4

Definition: The practice of cultivating land and raising crops or livestock for food and other resources. Example: Rice farming is a key form of agriculture in Southeast Asia.

Question 5

Relocation Diffusion

Answer 5

Definition: The spread of cultural traits through the physical movement of people. Example: The spread of Italian cuisine to the U.S. through Italian immigrants.

Question 6

Cultural Hearth

Answer 6

Definition: The place where a culture or innovation originates. Example: Ancient Mesopotamia is considered a cultural hearth for agriculture and writing.

Question 7

Industry

Answer 7

Definition: Economic activities related to the production of goods or services. Example: The automobile industry is a major contributor to many national economies.

Question 8

Expansion Diffusion

Answer 8

Definition: The spread of cultural traits or innovations from one area to another while staying strong in the origin area. Example: The adoption of smartphones worldwide.

Question 9

Indo-European Language Family

Answer 9

Definition: A large language family including many languages spoken in Europe and South Asia. Example: English Spanish and Hindi are part of the Indo-European language family.

Question 10

Religion

Answer 10

Definition: A system of beliefs and practices often centered around spirituality or a higher power. Example: Christianity and Islam are major world religions.

Question 11

Contagious Expansion

Answer 11

Definition: Rapid and widespread diffusion of an idea or innovation. Example: The viral spread of memes on social media.

Question 12

Universalizing Religion

Answer 12

Definition: A religion that seeks to convert people regardless of their cultural background. Example: Christianity actively spreads its beliefs worldwide.

Question 13

Linguistics

Answer 13

Definition: The scientific study of language and its structure. Example: Linguistics examines how sounds form words and grammar in various languages.

Question 14

Hierarchical Expansion

Answer 14

Definition: The spread of cultural traits from influential individuals or locations to others. Example: Fashion trends starting in major cities like Paris and spreading globally.

Question 15

Ethnic Religion

Answer 15

Definition: A religion closely tied to a specific ethnic or cultural group. Example: Hinduism is considered an ethnic religion tied to Indian culture.

Question 16

Sequent Occupance

Answer 16

Definition: The layered impact of different cultures over time on the same geographic area. Example: Rome’s history reflects sequent occupance through ancient ruins and modern buildings.

Question 17

Stimulus Expansion

Answer 17

Definition: The spread of an idea even if the specific trait does not fully diffuse. Example: McDonald’s in India adapting its menu to local dietary restrictions.

Question 18

Cultural Landscape

Answer 18

Definition: The visible imprint of human activity on the environment. Example: Terraced rice fields in China are part of the cultural landscape.

Question 19

Traditional Architecture

Answer 19

Definition: Building styles that reflect a region’s cultural history and environment. Example: Adobe homes in the American Southwest.

Question 20

Cultural Traits

Answer 20

Definition: Specific customs beliefs or practices that define a culture. Example: Greeting someone with a bow in Japan is a cultural trait.

Question 21

Acculturation

Answer 21

Definition: The process of adopting cultural traits from another group while retaining one’s own culture. Example: Immigrants adopting the language of their new country.

Question 22

Postmodern Architecture

Answer 22

Definition: A style of architecture that blends traditional and contemporary elements. Example: The Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao Spain showcases postmodern design.

Question 23

Cultural Expression

Answer 23

Definition: The way a culture is represented through art language or traditions. Example: Native American storytelling as a form of cultural expression.

Question 24

Assimilation

Answer 24

Definition: The process where individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group losing their original identity. Example: Immigrants fully adopting the language and customs of their new country.

Question 25

Syncretism

Answer 25

Definition: The blending of different cultural or religious traditions. Example: Voodoo is a syncretic religion combining African and Christian beliefs.

Question 26

Land-Use Patterns

Answer 26

Definition: The ways in which land is utilized for agriculture industry or urban development. Example: Urban areas often have high-density residential land-use patterns.

Question 27

Ethnocentrism

Answer 27

Definition: The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others. Example: Judging other cultures’ practices based on one’s own cultural norms.

Question 28

Multiculturalism

Answer 28

Definition: The coexistence of multiple cultures in a society often promoting diversity and inclusion. Example: Canada embraces multiculturalism through policies supporting diverse cultural communities.

Question 29

Ethnicity

Answer 29

Definition: A shared cultural heritage language or ancestry. Example: The Han Chinese ethnicity is the largest in the world.

Question 30

Creolization

Answer 30

Definition: The blending of languages and cultures to form a new distinct culture. Example: Creole languages in the Caribbean developed from African European and indigenous influences.

Question 31

Folk Culture

Answer 31

Definition: Traditional practices of small homogeneous groups in isolated areas. Example: Amish communities preserving their folk culture in the U.S.

Question 32

Gender

Answer 32

Definition: The social and cultural distinctions associated with being male or female. Example: Gender roles influence clothing choices in many societies.

Question 33

Lingua Franca

Answer 33

Definition: A common language used for communication between speakers of different native languages. Example: English is a global lingua franca in business and science.

Question 34

Popular Culture

Answer 34

Definition: Widespread cultural elements influenced by mass media and consumerism. Example: Pop music and Hollywood movies are part of popular culture.

Question 35

Workforce

Answer 35

Definition: The population of people available and able to work. Example: A country with a large skilled workforce attracts foreign investments.

Question 36

Colonialism

Answer 36

Definition: The policy of acquiring and controlling territories for economic or political gain. Example: European colonialism shaped the borders and cultures of many African countries.

Question 37

Christianity

Answer 37

Definition: A universalizing religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Example: Christianity is the largest religion globally with followers in nearly every country.

Question 38

Indigenous People

Answer 38

Definition: The original inhabitants of a region before colonization or displacement. Example: The Maori are the indigenous people of New Zealand.

Question 39

Imperialism

Answer 39

Definition: The policy of extending a country’s influence through diplomacy or military force. Example: British imperialism established colonies across Asia and Africa.

Question 40

Cultural Convergence

Answer 40

Definition: The tendency for cultures to become more alike due to shared technology and globalization. Example: The global spread of fast food chains like McDonald’s.

Question 41

Islam

Answer 41

Definition: A monotheistic universalizing religion founded by the Prophet Muhammad. Example: Islam is widely practiced in the Middle East North Africa and Southeast Asia.

Question 42

Centripetal Forces

Answer 42

Definition: Forces that unite people and promote social cohesion. Example: A shared national language acts as a centripetal force.

Question 43

Buddhism

Answer 43

Definition: A universalizing religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. Example: Buddhism emphasizes meditation and ethical living.

Question 44

Centrifugal Forces

Answer 44

Definition: Forces that divide people or create conflict within a society. Example: Ethnic tensions within a country act as centrifugal forces.

Question 45

Cultural Divergence

Answer 45

Definition: The restriction of a culture from outside influences. Example: The preservation of indigenous traditions in isolated areas.

Question 46

Language Families

Answer 46

Definition: Groups of related languages derived from a common ancestral language. Example: The Romance languages belong to the Indo-European language family.

Question 47

Sikhism

Answer 47

Definition: A monotheistic religion founded in Punjab India promoting equality and community service. Example: Sikhs gather for worship at a gurdwara.

Question 48

Judaism

Answer 48

Definition: An ethnic monotheistic religion with origins in the ancient Hebrew tradition. Example: Judaism’s holy text is the Torah.

Question 49

Dialect

Answer 49

Definition: A regional variation of a language with distinct pronunciation vocabulary and grammar. Example: The Southern dialect in the U.S. includes phrases like “y’all.”

Question 50

World Religion

Answer 50

Definition: A major widely practiced faith with significant influence. Example: Islam Christianity and Buddhism are world religions.

Question 51

Ethnic Culture

Answer 51

Definition: The cultural practices and traditions specific to a particular ethnic group. Example: Traditional Native American ceremonies are part of ethnic culture.