Unit 3 List 1 Macromolecules Flashcards
(17 cards)
Macromolecules
a very large molecule important to biological processes
Organic
any of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements.
Monomer
a small, basic unit or molecule that can bond with other similar units to form a larger, more complex molecule called a polymer.
Polymer
a large molecule (macromolecule) composed of many repeating, smaller units called monomers, linked together by chemical bonds
Carbohydrates
organic compounds, also known as sugars, starches, and dietary fiber, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a primary source of energy for the body
Lipids
fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as water
Fatty acids
the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat
Protein
large, complex molecules that play essential roles in all living organisms
Amino acids
small molecules that are the building blocks of proteins
Enzymes
a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein
Catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, or lowers the temperature or pressure needed to start one, without itself being consumed during the reaction.
Nucleic acids
large, complex biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information,
Nucleotide
the basic building block of nucleic acids (RNA and DNA).
Hormone
chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body
Steroids
Any of a group of lipids (fats) that have a certain chemical structure
Dehydration Synthesis
a chemical process where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, with the simultaneous removal of a water molecule
Hydrolysis
