Unit 3 List 2 Cell Cycle Flashcards
(18 cards)
Anaphase
Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell
Cancer
A disease caused when cells divide uncontrollably and spread into surrounding tissues
Cancer Checkpoints
mechanisms that regulate progression through the cell cycle insuring that each step takes place only once and in the right sequence.
Cell Cycle
is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides.
Cell Differentiation
the process in which cells from the same source gradually produce cell groups with different morphological structures and functional characteristics.
Centrioles
an organelle that helps cells divide, or make copies of themselves.
Centromere
the region where the cell’s spindle fibers attach.
Chromatid
one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division.
Chromatin
a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms.
Chromosomes
In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures.
Cytokinesis
the final step of cell division during which the two daughter cells become physically separated.
Interphase
the stage in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing
Metaphase
a stage during the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis).
Mitosis
a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to produce two new cells (the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself.
Nucleolus
a spherical structure found in the cell’s nucleus whose primary function is to produce and assemble the cell’s ribosomes
Prophase
the first phase of mitosis, the process that separates the duplicated genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells.
Stem Cells
cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body.
Telophase
the last phase of mitosis, in which the segregated chromosomes decondense and are enclosed in a new nuclear membrane.
