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Neuroanatomy > Unit 3 Pre Quiz > Flashcards

Unit 3 Pre Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

The diencephalon is completely surrounded by _______, except along:

A

Cerebral hemispheres

Ventral surface

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2
Q

Why is there an angle between the diencephalon and midbrain?

A

Bc of cephalic flexure

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3
Q

Borders of the diencephalon are defined by:

A

Third ventricle

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4
Q

Borders of the diencephalon

A

Ant: Laminal terminalis and interventricular foramen

Post: Post commisure

Lateral: post limb of the internal capsule

Medial: lateral and 3rd ventricles

Dorsal: 3rd ventricle

Ventral: hypothalamus with the hypothalamic sulcus

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5
Q

4 parts of the diencephalon

A

Epithalamus

Thalamus

Subthalamus

Hypothalamus

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6
Q

Location of the epithalamus

A

Under the rostal end of the corpus callosum in the frontal lobe

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7
Q

The epithalamus consists of what?

A

Stria medullaris thalami

Hebenular nucleus

Pineal gland (epiphysis)

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8
Q

What is the tract connecting the septal area (medial olfactory area) -> habenular nucleus?

A

Stria medullaris thalami

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9
Q

Location of the stria medullaris thalami

A

Dorsomedial to the thalamus

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10
Q

Location of the habenular nucleus

A

In the caudal portion of the diencephalon dorsomedial to the thalamus

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11
Q

The habenular nucleus receives input from the _______ to the _______ via the _____ tract

A

Stria medullaris (sepatl area and amygdala) and fornix (hippocampal formation)

Interpeduncular nucleus of the midbrain

Habenulointerpeduncular tract

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12
Q

Location of the habenulointerpeduncular tract

A

Roof of the 3rd ventricle

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13
Q

What connects the two habenular nuclei across the midline? What are they?

A

Habenular

Fibers of the stria medullaris thalami

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14
Q

Function of the habenular nucleus

A

Part of the limbic system

Associated with emotions, behaviors,

Integration of olfactory, visceral and somatic afferent pathways

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15
Q

Location of the pineal gland (epiphysis)

A

Rostal to the superior colliculus

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16
Q

The pineal gland is attached to the ______ through a ____

A

Diencephalon through a stalk

17
Q

The pineal gland acquires ____ information from the ____.

A

Light

Retina

18
Q

Function of pineal gland

A

Functions as an endocrine gland by Having a gonadal function and controlling circadian rhythms

Uses serotonin and melatonin to inhibit puberty and induce sleep

19
Q

Why is the pineal gland sensitive to light

A

Increased light leads to decreased melatonin, leading to increased gonadal function

20
Q

When does the pineal gland calcify?

A

Age 16

21
Q

Lesions of th pineal gland can lead to…

A

Precocious puberty

22
Q

What is the largest part of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus

23
Q

Anterior end of the thalamus is ____ and forms the ____ boundary of the interventricular foramen. The Post aspect overhangs the:

A

Small

Posterior

Superior colliculus

24
Q

Inf surface of the thalamus is continuous with”

A

Midbrain tegmentum

25
Q

What are the borders of the thalamus

A

Ant: interventricular foramen

Sup: transverse cerebral fissure = where the choroid plexus is continuous from the lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle. (Embryonically, small cleft b/w the cerebral vesicle and diencephalon.)

Inf: Hypothalamic sulcus

Post: Overlaps the midbrain

Medial: 3rd ventricle

Lateral: post limb of internal capsule

26
Q

Internal medullary lamina, which is ______ fibers, functions for:

A

Interthalamic fibers

Internal communication

And divides the thalamus into 2 main groups of nuclei .

27
Q

What are the 3 main groups of nuclei in the thalamus

A

Medial

Lateral

Anterior

28
Q

Location of the external medullary lamina

A

Between the thalamus and reticular nucleus

29
Q

What does the external medullary lamina represent?

A

Fibers leaving and entering the thalamus on their way to form the internal capsule

30
Q

What is the external medullary lamina continuous with anteriorly?

A

Zonale stratum

Neuroanatomy (6 decks)

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