Unit 3 - Public Speaking and Presentations

Question 1

Contemporary approach to public Speaking

Answer 1

1. Credibility, emotion, and logic are important

2.

Question 1

Contemporary approach to public Speaking

Answer 1

1. Credibility, emotion, and logic are important
2. Attitude plays a role in projection
3. Ethos, pathos, and logos is needed for success
4. Great speeches come off as good story telling

Question 2

Characteristics of a confident speaker

Answer 2

1. Be passionate about your topic
2. Feedback/criticism can be helpful/useful
3. Best public speaking style is conversational
4. Have a positive outlook on the audience
5. Believe in and reassure yourself

Question 3

Ethos

Answer 3

The audience’s perception that the speaker is trustworthy, credible, and competent.

Question 4

Pathos

Answer 4

The ability to arouse emotion within the audience

Question 5

Logos

Answer 5

Speech that is supported by logical reasoning.

Question 6

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 6

Specific reasons or examples that lead us to a conclusion.

Question 7

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 7

Starts out with broad/generalizations, and then later can move to more specific examples.

Question 8

Syllogism

Answer 8

Classic form of deductive reasoning using three lines, first is a major premise, second is a minor premise, final line is is the conclusion. Ex. All men are mortal, Socrates is a man, therefore Socrates is a mortal.

Question 9

Fallacies

Answer 9

Descriptions of the ways in which arguments can go wrong.

Question 10

Hasty Generalization

Answer 10

A fallacy of inductive reasoning that comes to a general conclusion based on too few or unrepresentative examples. Ex. Finding good parking on campus one day, means there will always good parking.

Question 11

Straw Person

Answer 11

When refuting an argument, trying to defeat a weaker form of the argument instead of addressing the stronger point in the argument.

Question 12

Post hoc ergo propter hoc aka “after, therefore b/c of”

Answer 12

When one event, precedes a second, it is believed to have caused the second, i.e. superstition

Question 13

Forced dichotomy

Answer 13

When speaker proposes only certain solutions to a problem, and purposefully or ignorantly ignores any other solutions.

Question 14

Ad hominem aka “about the person”

Answer 14

The person tries to attack the arguer him/herself instead of debating the argument itself

Question 15

Appeal to misplaced authority

Answer 15

Reliance on a popular person to speak as an authority to an unrelated issue. Ex. Having Lebron James speak about a certain brand of headphones instead of basketball shoes (which he would be more credible).

Question 16

Characteristics of Good Story Telling

Answer 16

1. Topic is of interest to audience
2. Plot takes place over period of time
3. Added details to make story more vivid
4. An appropriate setting
5. A conflict that climaxes and is later resolved

Question 17

Characteristics of a Good Story

Answer 17

1. It is realistic
2. Has sustainable value (audience can apply what was learned)
3. They are organized
4. They are interactive

Question 18

Informative Speech

Answer 18

A speech that builds on what is already known, and then tries to teach something new

Question 19

Persuasive Speech

Answer 19

A speech that aims to change a person’s attitude, belief, opinions, or behaviors.

Question 20

Entertainment Speech

Answer 20

A speech that aims to amuse the listener, lighten their mood, or distract them from tougher times/subjects

Question 21

Topical Organization

Answer 21

Three separate main points all connected by the overall topic

Question 22

Chronological Organization

Answer 22

Points follow a timeline, similar to a biography

Question 23

Spatial Organiation

Answer 23

Organized by way of the area or location to which the speech/story takes place

Question 24

Three goals for a strong speech ending

Answer 24

1. Audience should feel connected to speaker 2. Audience should feel connected to the topic 3. Audience should thinkin about topic long after speech is over

Question 25

Informative vs Persuasive Speeches

Answer 25

Informative provides information only, Persuasive will provide information along with an opinion with the intent to urge or call to action.

Question 26

Goals of Informative Speeches

Answer 26

1. Communicate information 2. Further existing knowledge 3. Updated outdated info

Question 27

Create, Alter, Further

Answer 27

If no knowledge at all - create If outdated knowledge - Alter If present knowledge, but need more - Further

Question 28

Goals of Persuasion

Answer 28

Want to change how the listener thinks, feels, or acts.

Question 29

Attitude vs Belief

Answer 29

Attitude refers to an opinion | Belief is a more general view of the world

Question 30

Types of Persuasive Speeches

Answer 30

Definitional - Is it, or it aint Factual - True or False Policy - Political Problem/Solution Value - Virtue, Judgement

Question 31

Psychological Reactance Theory (Brehm)

Answer 31

The human inclination to resist change due to a random belief that it threatens their freedom.