Unit 2 - Basics of Communication

Question 1

Selection

Answer 1

When you choose to focus on certain info, and ignore others

Question 2

Selective Exposure

Answer 2

We only expose ourselves to info that reinforces our existing beliefs, and ignore info that goes against our beliefs

Question 3

Selective Attention

Answer 3

Once exposed to info, we pay attention to certain info and ignore others

Question 4

Selective Perception

Answer 4

Our inclination to see, hear, and believe what we want

Question 5

Selective Recall

Answer 5

We remember things that we agree with, and cannot remember things that go against our beliefs

Question 6

Organization

Answer 6

When a communicator groups information into smaller units to make better sense out of it

Question 7

Figure & Ground Organization

Answer 7

Focusing on one figure, and leaving everything else in the background

Question 8

Closure Organization

Answer 8

Closing gaps by filling in missing information

Question 9

Proximity Organization

Answer 9

Grouping things together based on their closeness or proximity to one another

Question 10

Similarity Organization

Answer 10

Organizing things based on the similarities they share

Question 11

What factors influence perception?

Answer 11

Biological, Past Experiences, Identity, Current Internal Status

Question 12

Self-Concept

Answer 12

The comprehensive way in which we define ourselves.

Question 13

Self-Esteem

Answer 13

The degree to which you approve of yourself, your approval of your self-concept

Question 14

Stereotype

Answer 14

Inaccurate perceptions based on generalizations

Question 15

Attribution Error

Answer 15

Inaccurate assumptions we naturally make

Question 16

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 16

Attributing positive outcomes that someone experiences to external sources, and negative outcomes to internal sources.

Question 17

Locus of causation

Answer 17

The source of a person’s behavior whether internal or external

Question 18

Self-serving bias

Answer 18

Fundamental attribution error that only favors oneself, positives are internal, negatives caused externally

Question 19

Erving Goffman’s Impression Mgmt

Answer 19

deliberate use of verbal and nonverbal messages to create a particular impression among others

Question 20

4 Steps for Effective Self-Presentation

Answer 20

1. Set a goal
2. Create a strategy
3. Execute strategy, evaluate results
4. Modify negative perceptions

Question 21

“Culture” reflects the following behaviors…

Answer 21

1. Shared values & beliefs
2. Lifestyles that are led by the people
3. Products that are bought
4. Rules that are followed

Question 22

Co-Culture

Answer 22

Smaller culture that reflect unique interests/beliefs within a general culture

Question 23

Globalization

Answer 23

the process of our world becoming ever more connected in economic, political, organizational, and personal terms as transportation and telecommunication systems improve

Question 24

Individualism

Answer 24

Culture that values assertiveness, independence, and emotionally distant people

Question 25

Collectivism

Answer 25

Values a persons role in a group more than their role as an individual, view people not part of the group like outsiders

Question 26

High-context communication

Answer 26

Being able to understand and communicate w/ non verbal/societal cues

Question 27

Low-context communication

Answer 27

Needing explicit words, facts, and explanations to communicate/understand

Question 28

High-Power Distance

Answer 28

The importance a group places on status, rank, and power influences, are unlikely to question the actions and statements of people with a lot of power or of high rank in society, at work, or within the family.

Question 29

Low-Power Distance

Answer 29

People tend to communicate in ways that promote equality and diminish the barriers between people that status and rank create.

Question 30

Masculinity

Answer 30

Masculine cultures value competitiveness and achievement, even at the expense of interpersonal relationships.

Question 31

Femininity

Answer 31

In feminine cultures, relationships, compassion, and nurturing are highly valued. Cooperation, listening, and showing empathy are important communication skills.

Question 32

Monochronic Cultures

Answer 32

tend to like doing one thing at a time, being punctual, and concentrating fully to meet their commitments.

Question 33

Polychronic Time

Answer 33

tend to like working on multiple things at one time. Their style may seem chaotic and unfocused to a monochronic individual. Polychronic people are flexible in terms of starting times for appointments and deadlines.

Question 34

Ethnocentrism

Answer 34

the belief that one’s own culture and lifestyle are superior to all others.

Question 35

Skills for Competent Intercultural Communication

Answer 35

1. Learn all you can about where you are going 2. Adapt to the norms once you get there 3. Do not view people that are different as bad 4. Be as tolerant as possible 5. Keep labels and generalizations to a min

Question 36

In terms of communication, what is a medium?

Answer 36

a device that moves messages over distance or through time

Question 37

What is considered traditional media?

Answer 37

Print, radio, and television

Question 38

What is considered new media?

Answer 38

Cell phones, text messages, email, social media

Question 39

What is true of new media according to research?

Answer 39

1. We are pretty narcissistic on social media 2. Social media is making us more aggressive, obsessive, & selfish 3, We are become more uncomfortable w/ face to face interaction/communication

Question 40

Role-taking

Answer 40

Considering how someone feels before you speak to them about something that may upset them, and choosing not to

Question 41

Synchronous Communication

Answer 41

involves instant replies and back-and-forth, real-time interaction. For example, texting and instant messaging allow for synchronous communication.

Question 42

Asynchronous communication

Answer 42

occurs outside of the constraints of time and place. Email is often asynchronous because we use it to send messages and wait for responses when receivers are not at their communication devices or are simply not available.

Question 43

Rich Media

Answer 43

Media that is capable of facilitating understanding; media that comes close to simulating face-to-face communication, and allows for the exchange of nonverbal information, emotion, and quick feedback.

Question 44

Lean Media

Answer 44

reliant mostly on text and permit little or no exchange of affect, instant feedback, or important nonverbal cues.