Unit 3 Quiz Flashcards
What is a precedent?
an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances
What are the people and parties:
First president, first vice principal, second president, third president, first Secretary of State, and first secretary of treasury?
1st President: George Washington (independent)
1st Vice President: John Adams (Federalist)
2nd President: John Adams (Federalist)
3rd President: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)
1st Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican)
1st Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton (Federalist)
What were two precedents under George Washington?
- Established a Cabinet within the Executive Branch w/Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury
- Established two term limit (only one president didn’t follow)
Why did Washington step down?
B/c he was old and sick but mostly to set an example for the rest of the presidents who then followed it, all except for one president
X, Y, Z affairs, what it is & who was president
Jay Treaty of 1794 had offended the French as a betrayal of their 1778 treaty of alliance with the United States. In 1796 the French began seizing American merchant ships. Adams sent envoys to Paris to to negotiate peace. But three French officials know as X, Y, & Z demanded humiliating terms, including $250,000 in bribes. Adams broke off negotiations. This affair insult roused public sentiment against France. John Adams was president when this occurred.
What led to the creation of the first two political parties?
The Ratification of the new constitution, the Federalists favored Ratification of the entirely new constitution and the anti-Federalists opposed it.
Three treaties under Washington & their importance
Jay Treaty of 1794
Pinckney’s Treaty 1795
Treaty of Greenville 1795
What was the Jay Treaty of 1794 and it’s importance?
British gave up their forts on American soil but kept most of their restrictions on American ships. Treaty also required Americans to repay prewar debts to the British. Washington and Federalists favored the compromise but Democratic-Republicans denounced the Jay Treaty as a sellout.
Importance: to help have normal relations with Britain, made it possible to trade both with England & Britain even though Britain and France were still fighting.
What was Pinckney’s Treaty 1795 and it’s importance?
Guaranteed Americans free shipping rights on the Mississippi River & across to New Orleans.
Importance: Ensured a free flow of trade because they were afraid that the Anglo-American alliance might threaten their possessions
What was Treaty of Greenville 1795 and it’s importance?
Wayne defeated the Native Americans at the Battle of Fallen Timbers and they were forced to accept his peace terms. Native American leaders ceded most of present state of Ohio to the U.S Government.
Importance: Put an end to the Northwest Indian War
Who enacted the Alien & Sedition Acts?
The Federalists
Purpose of Alien Act
Authorized president to arrest and deport immigrants who criticized the federal government (made it difficult for them to become citizens)
Purpose of Sedition Act
Made it a crime for citizens to publicly discredit the federal government
How did people respond to the acts?
Two democratic-republican states declared the Sedition Act unconstitutional
What are the major differences b/w Federalists &
Democratic-Republican Parties?
Federalists: believed in strong government and believed that only a new government based on the proposal of the Constitution would overcome difficulties facing the new nation.
Democratic Republicans: wanted to keep loose federation and feared a strong government. They disliked the lack of Bill of rights would provide basic liberties and noted that the Constitution would greatly increase the power of the central government.
