Unit 3 - The Heart Flashcards
(37 cards)
Pulmonary Circuit
Right side of the heart
Carries blood from lungs > heart > lungs
Gas exchange
Systemic Circuit
Left side of the heart
Carries blood from heart > tissues > heart
Transports oxygenated blood
Base (of the heart)
Wide upper (superior) portion of the heart where large vessels attach
Apex (of the heart)
Narrow, pointed (tip), inferior portion of the heart
Pericardium
Double-walled sac that encloses the heart
Parietal layer (outer layer): two smaller layers, one of fibrous connective tissue and a thin serous layer
Visceral layer (inner layer): made of serous membrane
Pericardial Cavity
Space between the layers of the pericardium that contians pericardial fluid
Epicardium
The visceral pericardium
The outermost layer of the three layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium)
Myocardium
Muscle of the heart
Thickest layer
The second layer of the three layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium)
Endocardium
Lines the inner surfaces of the heart
The third (innermost) layer of the three layers (epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium)
Right Atria
Right superior chamber
Receives blood returning to the heart
Left Atria
Left superior chamber
Receives blood returning to the heart
Right Ventricle
Right inferior chamber
Pumps blood into arteries and away from the heart
Left Ventricle
Left inferior chamber
Pumps blood into arteries and away from the heart
Interatrial Septum
Muscle wall that separates the atria
Interventricular Septum
Muscle wall that separates the ventricles
Tricuspid Valve (Right AV Valve)
Controls flow between the right atria and ventricle
Three cusps
Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve (Left AV Valve)
Controls flow between the left atria and ventricle
Two cusps
Chordae Tendinae
Cords that connect the AV valves to papillary muscles on the floor of the ventricles
Semilunar Valves
Controls flow into great arteries
2 semilunar valves: pulmonary valve and aortic valve
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve
Opening between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Aortic Semilunar Valve
Opening between left ventricle and aorta
Blood Flow Circuit
- Superior and inferior venae cavae
- Right atrium
- Right ventricle
- Pulmonary valve
- Pulmonary trunk
- Right and left lungs
- Pulmonary veins
- Left atrium
- Left ventricle
- Aortic valve
- Ascending aorta
- Body organs
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiac muscle cells
Myogenic pacemaker
Autorhythmic
Striated
Short, thick, branched cells
Contacts several others to form a network
Joined by intercalated discs
Contains desmosomes and gap junctions
Looks like varying levels of pink striated blocks separated by thin discs with intermittent purple nuclei
Cardiac Conduction System
- SA node
- Atrial myocardium
- AV node
- AV bundle
- Purkinje fibres
- Ventricular myocardium