Unit 3: Virtue Ethics

Question 1

A moral structure wherein hypotheses underline the purpose and significance of one’s character and virtue so as to evaluate the integrity of their actions

Answer 1

Virtue Ethics

Question 2

Considered the best philosopher in old philosophy

Answer 2

Aritotle

Question 3

Aristotle built his own school, the […]

Answer 3

Lyceum

Question 4

In Aristotle’s theory of ethics, he centered on discussing excellence and character or […]

Answer 4

what makes a human life good or worth living

Question 5

A Greek expression that signifies “last reason”, implying reason, objective, end, or genuine last capacity of an object

Answer 5

Telos

Question 6

The ethical theory that considers reason to be the “end” of one’s obligation and good commitment depend on what is acceptable or attractive result

Answer 6

Teleology

Question 7

Additionally known to be a consequentialist theory

Answer 7

Teleology

Question 8

All things have purposes, objectives, or ends which must be accomplished to its benefit

Answer 8

Capacity Argument

Question 9

The need to realize one’s actual function to have the option to accomplish goodness or greatness

Answer 9

Intellectual Virtue

Question 10

Aristotle states in […] that virtue is a mean

Answer 10

Nicomachean Ethics

Question 11

Dubbed as the “Universal Teacher” for his two notable works of art […] and […]

Answer 11

St. Thomas Aquinas
- Summa Theologiae
- Summa Contra Gentiles

Question 12

The 4 types of laws according to Aquinas

Answer 12

• Eternal Law
• Divine Law
• Human Law
• Natural Law

Question 13

Type of Law

Indistinguishable from the brain of God; everlasting however confused by the human brain

Answer 13

Eternal Law

Question 14

Type of Law

Originated from the disclosure of God to people written in the Testaments

Answer 14

Divine Law

Question 15

Type of Law

Formulated by a human explanation as indicated by geological, social, and historical conditions

Answer 15

Human Law

Question 16

Type of Law

Administers everything in nature and the establishment of pragmatic thinking human law

Answer 16

Natural Law

Question 17

Aquinas: […] is our natural comprehension and tendency to do certain things normally

Answer 17

Natural Law

Question 18

The 3 universal moral principles (Aquinas)

Answer 18

• All-inclusive standards are consistent with each individual who has arrived at the time of reason as a general rule
• All-inclusive rules that with certain reflections can be reached from the main standards
• Widespread rules that are not handily seen by individuals so a savvy educator must assistance clarify it

Question 19

How can we achieve joy (Aquinas)?

Answer 19

Once we have recognized and achieved our ultimate objective from different methods

Question 20

The 4 cardinal virtues (Aquinas: Summa Theologiae)

Answer 20

• Prudence
• Temperance
• Courage
• Justice

Question 21

Cardinal Virtue

Reasonability is the righteousness of scholarly fitness or capacity to do certain things mentally and sanely

Answer 21

Prudence

Question 22

Cardinal Virtue

Restraint is the temperance of refining our methods of making the most of our real wants

Answer 22

Temperance

Question 23

Cardinal Virtue

Limiting feelings of trepidation while figuring out how to bear preposterous hunger for wild activities

Answer 23

Courage

Question 24

Cardinal Virtue

Centered on making people productive members of society

Answer 24

Justice

Question 25

The ethicalness that administers our connection with others and the state

Answer 25

Equity

Question 26

The 2 kinds of equity

Answer 26

- Commutative - Distributive

Question 27

*Kind of Equity* Justice between common individual residents

Answer 27

Commutative

Question 28

*Kind of Equity* Equity as the aggregate activities of the individuals from the state

Answer 28

Distributive

Question 29

A German philosopher whose way of thinking on the goodwill and categorical imperative is established in utilizing an individual's capacity to reason

Answer 29

Immanuel Kant

Question 30

Serves as a premise or rule on how and why we act

Answer 30

Maxim

Question 31

Restrictive orders dependent on your applicable wants

Answer 31

Hypothetical Imperatives

Question 32

An all-inclusive moral guideline that is unqualified, objective, and soundly essential

Answer 32

Categorical Imperative

Question 33

*Formulation of Categorical Imperative* A person must act just as indicated by the adage which you can simultaneously will that it should turn into an all-inclusive law without logical inconsistency

Answer 33

The Universality Principle

Question 34

*Formulation of Categorical Imperative* Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of the other, always as an end, and never as a mere means

Answer 34

Formula of Humanity

Question 35

What caused you to do the action determines whether you are good or bad

Answer 35

Motivation

Question 36

Privileges to play out specific activities, or not to be in sure states, or qualifications that other play out specific activities or not be in sure states

Answer 36

Rights

Question 37

A fundamental good ensure that individuals in all nations and societies have basically on the ground that they are individuals

Answer 37

Human Rights (Nickel)

Question 38

Rights that are granted to any human simply because they are human

Answer 38

Moral Rights

Question 39

Rights that are granted to people under a legal system

Answer 39

Legal Rights

Question 40

States that only rights that exist are legal rights that exist in the legal system

Answer 40

Legal Positivism

Question 41

Relies on the philosophical claim that moral order exists and applies to everyone, everywhere, anytime, or the moral universalism

Answer 41

Human Rights Doctrine

Question 42

Also called the "benefit theory" which believes that the foundation of moral rights is everyone's basic duty to respect the interest of others

Answer 42

Interest Theory

Question 43

Also known as the "choice theory" which believes that anyone can claim or waive their own rights

Answer 43

Will Theory

Question 44

The 3 natural rights

Answer 44

- Right to Life - Right to Property - Right to Liberty

Question 45

Believes in the principle that happiness is an intrinsic value that every human aspires for; therefore, it drives our morality

Answer 45

Utilitarianism

Question 46

The 2 elements of utilitarianism

Answer 46

- Value Theory - Theory of Right Action

Question 47

The 2 frameworks of utilitarianism

Answer 47

- Act Utilitarianism - Rule Utilitarianism

Question 48

The 3 impacts of utilitarianism

Answer 48

- Impact on Law - Impact on Politics - Impact on Economics