Unit 3 Vocab Flashcards
(44 cards)
Acculturation
a process in which an individual adopts, acquires and adjusts to a new cultural environment as a result of being placed into a new culture, or when another culture is brought to someone.
Animistic Religion
The belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life (the japanese shinto)
Contagious Diffusion
the rapid, widespread diffusion of a trend or feature (like covid-19, or popular social media trends)
Creole Language
a language that results from mixing of a colonizers language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated ( Haitian Creole, which developed from a mix of French and several Bantu languages)
Cultural Hearth
A cultural hearth is a geographic area where significant cultural, religious, and social practices originated and then spread to other regions.
Cultural Landscape
the visible reflection of a society, including their cultural beliefs and practices, on the physical environment. It’s essentially how human activities modify and shape the natural world.
Cultural Region
A cultural region is a geographic area where people share similar cultural traits, such as language, religion, customs, and traditions. These regions help to define the identity of a group of people and how they interact with their environment. (formal, functional, vernacular)
Cultural Trait
the individual elements or characteristics that make up the larger fabric of a culture or society, they can represent beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and symbols that are shared and passed down through generations
Culture
in general, culture is a system of learned and shared beliefs, language, norms, values, and symbols that groups use to identify themselves and provide a framework within which to live and work.
Culture Complex
Custom
the frequent repetition of an act, to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group of people performing the act (shaking hands in the US)
Denomination
A group that shares a common faith but sometimes do not see eye to eye on certain points causing a slight differ between them (division of a branch)
Ethnic Religion
these are specific to certain ethnic groups or originate from the culture of that particular group, are deeply rooted in their ethnic or racial community (3 largest being Hinduism, Chinese folk, and ethno religions)
Ethnicity
Folk Culture
cultural traditions that are done at a local level and which are derived from longstanding cultural practices. Folk culture is separated from popular and high culture by its traditional and localized nature. (the Amish whole lifestyle represents folk culture)
Gender
Gender refers to the differences between men and women. Although gender is commonly used interchangeably with sex, within the social sciences it often refers to specifically social differences, known as gender roles
Hearth
place of origin
Hierarchical Diffusion
when a cultural trend is spread from one segment of society to another in a pattern, such as a famous person wearing a certain shoe and then everyone else getting that show after them
Hinduism
largest ethnic religion and 3rd largest religion, both a polytheism and a monotheism religion some worship only the ultimate Brahman where others worship multiple deities (their “Gods”) believe in karma and reincarnation (call this samsara), life goal to free their soul from the cycle of reincarnation (they call this moshka) and become one with Brahman
Isogloss
An “isogloss” is a boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions. It can be a boundary between two different languages, or, more frequently, the boundary between two different dialects of the same language. One commonly used example is the different ways Americans refer to carbonated beverages.
Judaism
monotheism religion, Believe in one god being Yahweh, believe God created the world and is eternal as well as that He is still actively involved in our world, think that after death our physical bodies will be resurrected in the messianic age (when the good will rise form the dead)
Language Families
a collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history (with the largest families being Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, and Afro-Asiatic.)
Lingua Franca
a trade language used for merchants to communicate with others who do not speak their native language (In modern times, the lingua franca is English)
Material Culture
Material culture refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. It includes everything from buildings, tools, clothing, and art to more everyday items that shape daily life and social interactions.
