Unit 3 Vocab

Question 1

Artifact

Answer 1

An item from the past

Question 2

Assimilation

Answer 2

The couple process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another

Question 3

Buddhism

Answer 3

A world religion or philosophy based on the teaching of the Buddha and holding that a state of enlightenment can be attained by suppressing worldly desire

Question 4

Contagious diffusion

Answer 4

The rapid widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

Question 5

Creole

Answer 5

A mother tongue that originates from contact between two languages

Question 6

Cultural determinism

Answer 6

The belief that the culture in which we are raised determine who we are at emotional and behavioral levels

Question 7

Cultural diffusion

Answer 7

The spread of cultural elements from one society to another

Question 8

Cultural hearths

Answer 8

Heartland, source area, innovation center, place of origin of a major culture

Question 9

Cultural landscape

Answer 9

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on a landscape

Question 10

Cultural relativism

Answer 10

The practice of judging a culture by its own standards

Question 11

Culture region

Answer 11

An area in which people have many shared culture traits

Question 12

Cultural trait

Answer 12

A single element of normal practice in a culture

Question 13

Dialect

Answer 13

A regional variety of a language with differences in vocabulary grammar and pronunciation. A form of language spiked by members of a particular social class or profession

Question 14

Diasporas

Answer 14

The migration of religious or ethnic groups to foreign lands despite their continued affiliation with the land and customs of their origin

Question 15

Environmental determinism

Answer 15

The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life

Question 16

Ethnic religion

Answer 16

A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated

Question 17

Ethnocentrism

Answer 17

Belief in the superiority of ones own ethnic group

Question 18

Extinct language

Answer 18

A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used

Question 19

Folk culture

Answer 19

Culture traditionally practices by a small homogeneous, rural group living in a relative isolation from other groups

Question 20

Hierarchical diffusion

Answer 20

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places

Question 21

Hinduism

Answer 21

A body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being of many forms and natures

Question 22

Indo-European language family

Answer 22

Family of languages with the greatest number of speakers, spoken in most of Europe and ares of European settlement and in much of southwestern and Southern Asia

Question 23

Islam

Answer 23

The religion of Muslims collectively which governs their civilization and way of life

Question 24

Isogloss

Answer 24

A boundary that separates regions in which different languages usage predominant

Question 25

Judaism

Answer 25

The monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud

Question 26

Language

Answer 26

The organized system of spoken words by which people communicate with one another with mutual comprehension

Question 27

Language families

Answer 27

A collection of individual languages with a common ancestor

Question 28

Lingua Franca

Answer 28

Language used for trade

Question 29

Material culture

Answer 29

The physical manifest ions of human activities. The most durable aspects of culture.

Question 30

Monotheistic religion

Answer 30

A religion with 1 god

Question 31

Non-material culture

Answer 31

Human creations that are not embodied in physical objects

Question 32

Pidgin

Answer 32

A fork of speech that adopts simplified grammar and limited vocabulary from a Lingua Franca, used for communication between speakers of two different languages

Question 33

Popular culture

Answer 33

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics

Question 34

Relocation diffusion

Answer 34

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

Question 35

Stimulus diffusion

Answer 35

The spread of an underlying principle , even though a specific characteristic is rejected

Question 36

Syncretism

Answer 36

The fusion of originally different inflected forms

Question 37

Time-distance decay

Answer 37

The declining degree of acceptance of an idea or innovation with increasing time and distance from its point of origin and source

Question 38

Toponymy

Answer 38

The branch of lexicology that studies the place names of a region or a language

Question 39

Transculturation

Answer 39

Cultural borrowing that occurs when different cultures of approximately equal complexity and technological level come into close contact

Question 40

Universalizing religion

Answer 40

A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location.

Question 41

Acculturation

Answer 41

When one group of people adopt the culture traits of another culture