Unit 3 Vocab - Carbon Compounds Flashcards
(21 cards)
The basic subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer
Monomer
A family of molecules that are sugars in the form of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide
Carbohydrate
A large molecule consisting of many repeating chemical units or molecules linked together
Polymer
A small group of atoms, usually attached to a larger molecule, and adds to the behavior of the molecule
Functional group
A chemical reaction in which 2 or more molecules are bonded together with the removal of a water molecule
Dehydration reaction
A chemical reaction that splits a polymer into monomers with the addition of a water molecule
Hydrolysis reaction
The act or process of forming a polymer compound
Polymerization
The process where a protein loses its 3D structure, and therefore loses its function
Denaturation
Many sugars linked together to form a long chain of sugars
Polysaccharide
The monomer of proteins
Amino acids
The most common monosaccharide that is responsible for energy production in organisms
Glucose
A covalent bond that polymerizes carbohydrates
Glycosidic bond
A family of compounds that includes fats, phospholipids, and steroids
Lipids
A covalent bond that polymerizes proteins
Peptide bond
A covalent bond that polymerizes lipids
Ester bond
A family of compounds that carries genetic information
Nucleic acids
Deoxyribonucleic acids; made up of repeating nucleotides
DNA
A covalent bond that polymerizes nucleic acids
Phosphodiester bond
A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar
Monosaccharide
A family of compounds that are 3D and are made up of repeating amino acids
Protein
A long chain of amino acids
Polypeptide
