Unit 306

Question 1

What are the three components of the circulatory system ?

Answer 1

Veins
Arteries
Capillaries

Question 2

What is the scientific name for red blood cells ?

Answer 2

Erythrocytes

Question 3

What is the scientific name for white blood cells ?

Answer 3

Leukocytes

Question 4

Describe a red blood cell

Answer 4

Doesn’t have a nucleus
Bi-concave shape
Haemoglobin ( chemical reaction )

Question 5

Describe a white blood cell

Answer 5

Have a nucleus
Protect the body from micro-organisms
Produce antibodies
Recognise antigens on foreign cells

Question 6

Describe platelets

Answer 6

Fractions of cell
No nucleus
Help blood clotting

Question 7

What is the job role of fibrinogen > fibrin ?

Answer 7

It forms a network of fibres that help trap blood cells

Question 8

What is plasma ?

Answer 8

The liquid part of your blood that transports things round your body

Question 9

What species has a double circulatory system ?

Answer 9

Mammals

Question 10

Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the … ?

Answer 10

Coronary arteries

Question 11

What are the top chambers of your heart called ?

Answer 11

Atrium

Question 12

What are the bottom chambers of your heart called ?

Answer 12

Ventricles

Question 13

Name 4 blood vessels attacked to your heart

Answer 13

Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Vena cave ( superior, inferior )
Aorta

Question 14

Blood will move from ?

Answer 14

High to low pressure

Question 15

High pressure is achieved when ?

Answer 15

The chamber is filled with blood on when it contracts

Question 16

What are the two pacemaker nodes ?

Answer 16

Sino-atrial node

Atrioventricular node

Question 17

What is diastole ?

Answer 17

When all the muscles in the heart relax

Question 18

What is a electrocardiograph?

Answer 18

Interruptions of the electrical impulses in the heart that may cause major problems

Question 19

Electrocardiograph Pwave

Answer 19

Atrial systole

Question 20

Electrocardiograph QRS ^

Answer 20

Ventricular systole

Question 21

Electrocardiograph Twave

Answer 21

Ventricular diastole

Question 22

What is the bicuspid valve ?

Answer 22

It permits blood to flow one way only from the left atrium into the left ventricle

Question 23

What is the tricuspid valve

Answer 23

It is between the right atrium and right ventricle, it permits blood flow into the right atrium

Question 24

What is the Bundle Of His ?

Answer 24

It transmits electrical impulses from the AV node to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches via the bundle of branches which leads to the purkinje fibres which provide electrical conduction to the ventricle

Question 25

What are Chordae tendinae ?

Answer 25

They are strong, fibrous strings attached to the leaflet of the heart. When the cusps (leaflets) close the chordae tendinae prevent them from swinging back into the atrium cavity

Question 26

What are Purkinje fibres ?

Answer 26

They send nerve impulses to the cells in the ventricles causing them to contract and pump blood to enter the lungs or the rest of the body

Question 27

Describe and explain arteries

Answer 27

Blood travels away from the heart and towards organs It travels at high pressure usually oxygenated Has thick muscular wall to withstand high pressure

Question 28

Describe and explain veins

Answer 28

Take blood to the heart and away from organs Blood travels at low pressure so veins have valves to prevent blood going backwards Blood is usually deoxygenated

Question 29

Describe and explain capillaries

Answer 29

They are only 1cell thick and allow substances to be exchanged between blood and body cells Microscopic vessels that connect arterioles to venules

Question 30

Carry blood away from the heart

Answer 30

Arteries

Question 31

Return blood to the heart

Answer 31

Veins

Question 32

Have thicker walls

Answer 32

Arteries

Question 33

Have a wider lumen

Answer 33

Vein

Question 34

Blood spurts when cut due to higher pressure

Answer 34

Arteries

Question 35

Blood moves more slowly due to low pressure

Answer 35

Vein

Question 36

Have valves

Answer 36

Veins

Question 37

Blood is bright red

Answer 37

Arteries (except lungs)

Question 38

Blood contains less o2

Answer 38

Veins (except lungs)