Unit 32 Flashcards
Food Safety (31 cards)
What are food safety concerns?
- food borne illnesses
- environmental contaminants
- naturally occuring toxicants
- pesticide residues
- food additives
Signs of food poisoning.
- vomiting
- bloody diarrhea
- dehydration
- fever
- diarrhea for more than 3 days
How many foodborne ilnesses have been identified?
250
Who is food posiing severe for?
- weakened immune system
- certain chronic illnesses
- pregnant womeb
- young children
- old people
How do you get hepatitis A?
from contaminated foor or water that is contaminated with the feces of an infected person
raw or undercooked shellfish from contaminated waters, raw produce, contaminated drinking water or ice
Hepatitis A
- inflammation of liver
- fatigue, nausea, dark urin
- onset is 2-7 weeks
Giardia or ‘beaver fever’
- contaminated water
- diarrhea is main symptom (sudden onset explosive or chronic)
- onset is 1- 3 weeks
Listeriosis
- hotdogs/delimeat, unpasteurized milk, soft cheese
- gut sympotoms and fever, can trigger brain infection and/or sepsis
- high death rate in fetus and infants
- onset is 3-30 days or longer
things that have been recalled:
- silk mil alternatives
- frozen pancakes and waffles
Salmonella
- raw or undercooked eggs and meat, raw dairy, fruits and veggies irrigated with contaminate (sprouts and cantaloupe)
- gut symptoms
- onset is 6 hours to 6 days (lasts 4-7 days)
E.coli
- undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized milk, contaminated water, person to person
- watery bloody diarrhea, cramps
- 15% children and elderly develop hemolytic uremic syndrome (can be fatal, permanent kidney damage)
- onset is 1-8 days (lasts 5-10 days)
Botulism
- clostridium botulinum grows without oxygen
- botulinim toxin is responsible
- canned vegetables and meats, honey (bees pick up spores from flowers/soil), oils infused with garlic or herbs
- onset is 4-36 hrs
- blurred vision, difficulty speaking, paralysis, can be fatal
- need antitoxin immediately
Staphylococcal toxin ‘picnic sickness’
- tuna, potato and macaroni salads, cream filled pastries, meats and poultry, egg products
- gut symptoms, mild fver
- onset .5-8 hrs (lasts 24-48hrs)
- from leaving food out
What are some food safety tips?
- clean safe kitchen
- avoid cross contamination
- keep hot foods hot
- keep cold food cold (fridge 4-6 degrees, freezer -18- -20 degrees)
Mad cow disease
- caused by prion (from sheep parts fed to cows)
- small protein that transmits disease when consumed by a similar species
- transfered to humans when they eat prion infected meat
- humans develop Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from contaminated meat (symptoms resemble alzeihmers but prgress faster)
Mad cow disease leads to…
inevitable death due to brain damage
What can’t you feed cows?
Animal parts that could transmit the disease such as nerve, bone, intestine
What causes mercury contamination?
fungicides, fossil fuel exhaust, smelting plants, pulp mills and chemical plants
T/F: virtually all fish have trace amount of fish have mercury
true
What types of fish have higher levels of mercury?
- shark
- swordfish
- bass
- lake trout
- walleye
- chain pickerel
small fish have lower levels
Why should you avoid eating fish with high mercury levels during pregnancy?
interferes with fetal brain development
What type of fish does health canada say pregnant women should avoid?
shark, tile fish, swordfish or king mackerel
New additives must prove:
- effective
- detectable and measurable in product
- safe
Additives must nver had…
caused cancer in animal study or human experience
What are intentional addittives?
- antimiicrobial agents
- antioxidants
- color additives
- artifical flavours
- texture and stability
- nutrient additves
