Unit 3a S2.1 & S2.2

Question 1

name the 4 types of intermolecular forces in order from weakest -> strongest

Answer 1

LDF < Dipole Induced Dipole < Dipole-Dipole < Hydrogen bonding

Question 2

factors that affect magnitude of LDF

Answer 2

n of electrons, M shape, vol electron cloud?

Question 3

requirements to form a hydrogen bond

Answer 3

1. highly electronegative element (FON)
2. non-bonding pair of electrons

Question 4

molecule size effect on solubility

Answer 4

bigger molecule = less soluble

Question 5

Rf

Answer 5

distance traveled by substance/distance traveled by solvent

Question 6

coordination bond

Answer 6

shared pair of electrons from one of the atoms

Question 7

< 8 electrons exceptions

Answer 7

B (Boron) = 6
Be (Beryllium) = 4
H (Hydrogen) = 2

Question 8

Electronegativities and bond type

Answer 8

Ionic: Δχp > 1.8
Non-polar covalent: Δχp = 0
Polar covalent: 0 < Δχp < 1.8

Question 9

tetrahedral angle

Answer 9

109.5*

Question 10

Trigonal pyramidal angle

Answer 10

107*

Question 11

bent tetrahedral angle

Answer 11

104.5*

Question 12

allotropes

Answer 12

silicon and silicon dioxide and carbon’s allotropes: diamond, graphite, fullerenes and graphene.

Question 13

Benzene evidence

Answer 13

tbw

Question 14

sp

Answer 14

EDG: linear

Question 15

sp2

Answer 15

EDG: trigonal planar

Question 16

sp3

Answer 16

EDG: tetrahedral

Question 17

ionic bond

Answer 17

electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged
ions

Question 18

covalent bond

Answer 18

electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the positively charged nuclei

Question 19

ALL Ionic compounds are Lattice Structures (True or False)

Answer 19

True

Question 20

EDG = 5 domains
EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 20

EDG = trigonal bipyramidal
MG = trigonal bipyramidal
120* & 90*

Question 21

EDG = 5 domains, 1 lone pair
EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 21

EDG = trigonal bipyramidal
MG = see-saw
<120* & <90*

Question 22

EDG = 5 domains, 2 lone pairs
EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 22

EDG = trigonal bipyramidal
MG = T-shape
<90*

Question 23

EDG = 5 domains, 3 lone pairs
EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 23

EDG = trigonal bipyramidal
MG = Linear
180*

Question 24

EDG = 6 domains
EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 24

EDG = octahedral
MG = octahedral
90*

Question 25

EDG = 6 domains, 1 lone pair EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 25

EDG = octahedral MG = square pyramidal <90*

Question 26

EDG = 6 domains, 2 lone pairs EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 26

EDG = octahedral MG = square planar 90*

Question 27

EDG = 6 domains, 3 lone pairs EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 27

EDG = octahedral MG = T-shape <90*

Question 28

EDG = 6 domains, 4 lone pairs EDG? MG? Angles?

Answer 28

EDG = octahedral MG = Linear 180*

Question 29

bond strength and length (shortest -> longest) (weakest -> strongest)

Answer 29

triple < double < single single < double < triple

Question 30

Sulphate

Answer 30

SO4 2-

Question 31

Phosphate

Answer 31

PO4 3-

Question 32

Nitrate

Answer 32

NO3 -

Question 33

Carbonate

Answer 33

CO3 2-

Question 34

Hydroxide

Answer 34

OH -

Question 35

Hydrogen Carbonate

Answer 35

HCO3 -

Question 36

Ammonium

Answer 36

NH4 +

Question 37

Properties of Lattice Structure

Answer 37

Only conducts electricity when molten or dissolved. Low volatility (high melting point). Soluble in water.

Question 38

< 8 electrons exceptions

Answer 38

B (Boron) = 6 Be (Beryllium) = 4 H (Hydrogen) = 2

Question 39

Allotropes + examples

Answer 39

different forms of the same element C = diamond, graphite, graphene fullerene (C60), Silicon (Dioxide)

Question 40

Diamond properties (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 40

e = non-conductor th = non-conductor sp3 tetrahedral (109.5*) low volatility (↑melting point) very hard

Question 41

Graphite properties (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 41

e = conductor th = not good conductor sp2 trigonal planar (120*) low volatility (↑ melting point) delocalized electrons between layers (LDFs only) lubricant

Question 42

Graphene (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 42

conductor conductor trigonal planar (120*) low volatility (↑ melting point) strongest material in the world

Question 43

Fullerene (C60) (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 43

insulator N/A trigonal planar (120*)

Question 44

Silicon (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 44

semi-conductor conductor ? tetrahedral (109.5*) low volatility (↑ melting point) grey crystal

Question 45

Silicon Dioxide (electrical & thermal conductivity, geometry, volatility, etc)

Answer 45

non-conductor insulator ? tetrahedral (109.5*) low volatility (↑ melting point) glass