Unit 4

Question 1

Define homeostasis

Answer 1

Maintaining a constant internal condition, despite changes in the external environment

Question 2

How is homeostasis maintained?

Answer 2

Through passive and active transport

Question 3

What transport type is diffusion?

Answer 3

Passive

Question 4

Describe the process of diffusion

Answer 4

Movement of a substance from high to low concentration

Question 5

What transport type is osmosis?

Answer 5

Passive

Question 6

Describe the process of osmosis.

Answer 6

Movement of water down its concentration gradient

Question 7

What transport type is ion channel?

Answer 7

Passive

Question 8

Describe the process ion channel

Answer 8

Donut shaped transport protein

Question 9

What transport type is facilitated diffusion

Answer 9

Passive

Question 10

Describe facilitated diffusion

Answer 10

Diffusion aided by a carrier protein

Question 11

What transport type is ion pump?

Answer 11

Active

Question 12

Describe ion pump

Answer 12

Special proteins that actively transport ions

Question 13

What transport type is cotransport?

Answer 13

Active

Question 14

Describe cotransport

Answer 14

Complete passage of two materials across a membrane

Question 15

What transport type is endocytosis?

Answer 15

Active

Question 16

Describe endocytosis

Answer 16

Import materials to cell by foldings of plasma membrane

Question 17

Explain phagocytosis

Answer 17

Cell eating; pseudo pods, surround the food item and fuse together

Question 18

Explain pinocytosis

Answer 18

Cell drinking vesicles of fluid are formed in the cell membrane

Question 19

Explain, receptor-mediated endocytosis

Answer 19

Special coded pits in the cell membrane are lined with receptor proteins that bind with specific materials

Question 20

What is the equation for the chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

Answer 20

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy ——> 66H12O6 + 6O2

Question 21

Label

6CO2 + 6H2O + energy ——> 66H12O6 + 6O2

Answer 21

6CO2 - carbon dioxide
6H2O - water
66 H12 06 - glucose
6O2 - oxygen

Question 22

Explain light reactions in the two stages of photos

Answer 22

Energy from sunlight to chloroplast of plants

Question 23

Explain dark reactions

Answer 23

Energy is stored in organic molecules, such as glucose

Question 24

Name the order of steps

Answer 24

1. Light from the sun reaches earth.
2. Plants absorb sunlight.
3. Plants convert sunlight to chemical energy.
4. Plants use chemical energy to make organic compounds.
5. Animals eat plants to get energy.

Question 25

What is ATP?

Answer 25

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 26

How many phosphates are in ATP

Answer 26

Three

Question 27

What is ADP?

Answer 27

Adenosine diphosphate

Question 28

How many phosphates are in ADP

Answer 28

Two

Question 29

Where does chemoautotroph get energy from?

Answer 29

Chemicals. For example, bacteria.

Question 30

Where does photoautotroph get its energy from?

Answer 30

Sunlight (example: plant)

Question 31

Where does heterotroph get its energy from?

Answer 31

Consuming autotroph’s or other heterotrophs (example: plants)

Question 32

What three environmental factors affect photosynthesis

Answer 32

1. Light. 2. Temperature. 3. Carbon dioxide.

Question 33

What is the Calvin cycle?

Answer 33

Phase 2 of photosynthesis

Question 34

What is chlorophyll?

Answer 34

Primary pigment involved in photosynthesis that reflects the color green

Question 35

What is pigment?

Answer 35

A substance that absorbs light

Question 36

Describe electron transport chain

Answer 36

Series of molecules through which excited electrons pass

Question 37

What organisms are capable of respiration?

Answer 37

Virtually all living organisms (animals, plants, fungi,, and most bacteria)

Question 38

What is stage one of respiration?

Answer 38

Glucolysis

Question 39

Where is glycolysis located?

Answer 39

Cytoplasm

Question 40

What number of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced in glycolysis

Answer 40

2

Question 41

What is stage two of respiration

Answer 41

Oxidative respiration

Question 42

Where is oxidative respiration located?

Answer 42

In the mitochondria

Question 43

How many ATP (adenosine triphosphate) are produced during oxidative respiration

Answer 43

34

Question 44

What is the label for the chemical equation? C H 0 6 12 6

Answer 44

Glucose

Question 45

What is the label for the chemical equation 6O ? 2

Answer 45

Oxygen

Question 46

What is the label for the chemical equation 6CO2?

Answer 46

Carbon dioxide

Question 47

What is the label for the chemical equation ATP?

Answer 47

Energy

Question 48

What what is the label for the chemical equation? 6 H2O?

Answer 48

Water

Question 49

What process is being shown in the following equation: C6 H12 06 + 602 ——> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

Answer 49

Respiration

Question 50

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 50

Anaerobic follows glycolysis and absence of oxygen; whereas anaerobic requires oxygen

Question 51

What is the first way ATP is made in aerobic respiration

Answer 51

In the Krebs cycle

Question 52

Describe the Krebs cycle

Answer 52

German British biochemist who posed the following: a series of chemical reactions in living things in which acetic acid or a related substance is oxidized to produce energy which is stored in ATP.

Question 53

What is another way? ATP is made in aerobic respiration.

Answer 53

Electron transport chain

Question 54

What is an electron transport chain?

Answer 54

Electrons use energy as they are pulled along a series of molecules

Question 55

What are the two types of fermentation?

Answer 55

Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation

Question 56

What are food products where you would find lactic acid

Answer 56

Acid yogurt and cheese

Question 57

What food products use alcohol alcoholic fermentation

Answer 57

Bread, wine, and beer

Question 58

When cells run out of oxygen, what type of fermentation do they switch to?

Answer 58

Lactic acid

Question 59

Explain why leaves change color and what environmental triggers occur

Answer 59

Temperature in sunlight decreases and also lacks water

Question 60

How do leaves change color?

Answer 60

The leaves start degenerating and exposing underlying conditions. Other things can hurt it too.

Question 61

What is happening to pigments when leaves change color?

Answer 61

Chlorophyll breaks down well the other pigments remain visible

Question 62

What is one fact, you remember from 4-1 passive transport?

Answer 62

Substance transporting across cell membranes occurs because the cell membrane is permanent

Question 63

What is one fact, you remember from 4–2 active transport?

Answer 63

Endocytosis in the movement of cell by vesicle inside cell

Question 64

What is one fact to remember from section 4–3 energy and living things

Answer 64

Autotroph are organisms that make their own food

Question 65

What is one fact you remember from section 4–4 Respiration?

Answer 65

Respiration is a metabolic process similar to burning.