Unit 4 Flashcards
(18 cards)
quantum
energy is the amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level
quantum mechanical model
modern description of electrons in atoms
👍🏾atomic orbital
describes probability of finding an electron at various locations around the nucleus
👍🏾electron configuration
ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms
👍🏾aufbau principle
electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first. (way in which electrons occupy orbitals)
Pauli Exclusion Priniciple
an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons
👍🏾Hund’s Rule
electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
👍🏾amplitudes
waves height from zero to crest
wave length
(upside down v), distance between crests
👍🏾frequency
v, # of wave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time
Hertz
SI unit of cycles per second
👍🏾electromagnetic radiation
radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and gamma rays
R MIVU XG
planck’s constant
the constant (h), has a value of 6.63 x 10 ^-34 J•s
photoelectric effect
electrons are ejected when light shines on a metal
👍🏾photon
light quanta that behave as if they were particles
👍🏾ground state
when electron has lowest possible energy
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
states it’s impossible to know both the velocity, and the position of a particle at the same time
energy level
fixed energies an electron can have
