Unit 4 Benzene OE

Question 1

How could you explain the arrangement of the 6 extra electrons in the arrangement of benzene

Answer 1

Delocalised and in P orbitals either above or below the carbons

Question 2

What word is used to describe the stability of Benzene

Answer 2

Aromatic stability

Question 3

What organic species attacks a benzene ring, state the mechanism for this reaction too

Answer 3

1 - Electrophile

2 - electrophilic substitution

Question 4

What is the generalised rule for naming aromatic compounds

Answer 4

The group coming off the benzene ring becomes the prefix and “benzene” becomes the suffix. Locations can be determined from the first point if there is more than 1 functional group on the benzene ring

Question 5

What is the product which is substituted off of the benzene ring in a electrophilic substitution

Answer 5

A hydrogen from the benzene ring is lost forming a H+ ion and is replaced with the Electrophile

Question 6

Name the Electrophile ion which attacks a benzene ring during nitration

Answer 6

Nitronium ion

Question 7

Write the equation for forming the NO2+ ion from H2SO4 and HNO3

Answer 7

H2SO4 + HNO3 –> H2NO3+ + HSO4-

H2NO3+ –> NO2+ + H2O

Question 8

What is the name of a benzene ring with a nitronium ion substituted in

Answer 8

Nitrobenzene

Question 9

Give an industrial use of nitration

Answer 9

The formation of explosives such as TNT

Question 10

State the general formula of a benzene ring

Answer 10

C6H6