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MLA > Unit 4 Hematology & coag > Flashcards

Unit 4 Hematology & coag Flashcards

1
Q

Deficiency of hemoglobin or RBC

A

Anemia

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2
Q

Section of the lab that is concerned with the clotting mechanism of the blood

A

Coagulation department

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3
Q

Complete blood count.

Tests for WBC, RBC, hgb, indices and differential

A

CBC

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4
Q

Determines the % of different types of WBCs (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) as well as RBC morphology and platelet # estimation

A

Differential

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5
Q

Ethhlenediaminetetraacetic acid.

An anticoagulant used in the hematology tubes (lavender)

A

EDTA

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6
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Used to determine if inflammation is present

Also referred to as sed rate

A

ESR

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7
Q

% by volume of RBCs in whole blood

Also called PCV (packed cell volume)

A

Hematocrit (HCT)

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8
Q

Counting chamber for manual WBCs, RBCs, platelets, sperm counts, etc

A

Hemacytometer

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9
Q

Section of the lab that studies blood cells.

May also include coagulation and urinalysis

A

Hematology department

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10
Q

The substance in RBCs that carry oxygen and CO2

A

Hemoglobin

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11
Q

The stoppage of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

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12
Q

Cells involved in the clotting of blood

A

Platelets (thrombocytes)

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13
Q

Calculations to determine the size and contents of red blood cells

A

Red blood cells indices

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14
Q

cells containing hemoglobin that transports O2 to the bidy and CO2 away to the lungs

A

Red blood cells (erythrocyte)

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15
Q

Immature RBC

A

Reticulocyte (Retic)

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16
Q

Cells involved in infection cintrol and immunity

A

White blood cells (leukocytes)

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17
Q

Stain used in hematology for doing differentials

A

Wright stain

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18
Q

CBC - WBC, RBC, hgb, hct, indices, differential and platelet count
Retic count
Sed rate
Sickle cells
Eosinophil count

A

Common tests done in hematology

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19
Q

Huge increase in WBC may indicate _____

A

Leukemia

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20
Q

Normal range for WBC

A

5000-9000

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21
Q

Number of red blood cells my indicate anemia or polycythemia or other red cell disorders

A

Red blood cell count

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22
Q

Carries O2 to cells and CO2 away

A

Hemoglobin

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23
Q

Normal hemoglobin range

A

Female : 120-160 g/L
Male: 140-180 g/L

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24
Q

Reflects the relationship between the amount of RBC’s and the amount of plasma in a blood sample

Quick test for anemia

A

Hct

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25
Q

Normal range for hematocrit

A

Female: 0.35-0.47 L/L
Male: 0.4-0.52 L/L

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26
Q

Are used to determine what kind of anemia a patient may have

A

Indices

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27
Q

MCV

Expressed the average volume of RBC’s

Expressed in femtoliters

Normal value: 80-100 fl

A

Mean corpuscular Volume

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28
Q

MCH

Estimates the weight of hgb in RBC

Expressed in picograms

Normal value: 27-32 pg/cell

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin

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29
Q

MCHC

Expresses the concentration if hgb in RBCs relative to their size

Expressed in g/dl (grams per deciliter)

Normal value: 32-37 grams/dl

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

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30
Q

Most common

Caused by decrease in iron which is needed for hgb production

Treatment is iron supplements

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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31
Q

Cause by a lack of intrinsic factor in digestive tract

Treatment vitamin B12 injections

A

Pernicious anemia

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32
Q

Is required for the absorption of Vit B12, which is necessary for normal maturing of RBCs

A

Intrinstic factor

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33
Q

Failure of bone marrow to produce enough RBCs as well as WBCs and platelets

Treatment is bone marrow transplant

A

Aplastic anemia

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34
Q

Caused by an excessive destruction of RBCs, often because they are deformed

Causes jaundice because an increased destruction of RBCs causes an increased amount of bilirubin in the blood

Treatment is splenectomy

A

Hemolytic Anemia

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35
Q

May be done on a automatic cell counter

Normal value is 250000-450000 per cubic ml

A

Platelet count

36
Q

2 types of blood smear

A

Thick smear
Thin smear

37
Q

Often used to detect malaria

A

Thick smear

38
Q

To perform a manual differential

A

Thin smear

39
Q

Wright staining problems

A

Too blue - too alkaline
Too pink - too acidic
Too light - staining time too short

40
Q

A gold standard staining technique that is used for both thin and thick smears to examine blood for malaria parasites

A

Giemsa stain

41
Q

One of the best stains for routine blood stain to stain the peripheral blood smear for the examinations of blood film under thr microscope and is satisfactory for malaria and other blood parasites

A

Leishman stain

42
Q

Count the number of neut, lymphs, monos, eos and basis in 100 white blood cells

A

WBC differential count

43
Q

Look at the RBCs to see if they ate normal
Look at size, the amount of hemoglobin and shape

A

RBC morphology

44
Q

Normal RBC size

A

Normocytic

45
Q

Too small RBC size

A

Microcytic

46
Q

Too large RBC size

A

Macrocytic

47
Q

Variation of RBC sizes

A

Anisocytosis

48
Q

Normal amount of hemoglobin

A

Normochromic

49
Q

Not enough RBC

A

Hypochromic

50
Q

Too much RBC

A

Hyperchromic

51
Q

Variation of shapes in RBC

A

Poikilocytosis

52
Q

Estimate the count and morphology

A

Platelet estimation

53
Q

Increase in neut count could indicate a ___ ___

A

Bacterial infection (anything over 78%)

54
Q

Increased lymph count could indicate a ___ ___

A

Viral infection

55
Q

Increased in eos count could indicate an ___ ___

A

Allergy or Parasite infection

56
Q

Increase or decrease in platelets could indicate ___

A

Bleeding or clotting problems

57
Q

Increase in retics indicate?

A

Blood loss

58
Q

Decrease in retics could indicate??

A

Anemia

59
Q

General indication of inflammation

A

ESR

60
Q

Manual counting chamber

A

Hemocytometer

61
Q

Normal blood volume

A

4.73L

62
Q

Normal WBC

A

5000-9000 x10^9/L

63
Q

Normal RBC

A

4.5-5.5x10^12/L

64
Q

Normal platelet

A

150-450x10^9/L

65
Q

Are autoantibodies

Produced by persons infected with mycoplasma pneumonia (atypical pneumonia) or with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

These antibodies react with red cells at temperatures below body temp

A

Cold agglutinins

66
Q

Proteins that precipitate when cold

A

Cryofibrinogen and cryoglobulin

67
Q

A process which causes bleeding to stop

A

Hemostasis

68
Q

A substance found in blood that when activated is converted to thrombin

A

Prothrombin time/INR

69
Q

Converted to fibrin

A

Fibrinogen

70
Q

Coag tests

A

Prothrombin time/INT (PT)
INR
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Fibrinogen
Thrombin

71
Q

Small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis

A

D-Dimer

72
Q

Factor I

A

Fibrinogen

73
Q

Factor II

A

prothrombin

74
Q

Factor III

A

Tissue thromboplastin

75
Q

Factor IV

A

Ionized Ca

76
Q

Factor V

A

Labile factor or proaccelerin

77
Q

Factor VII

A

Stable factor or proconvertin

78
Q

Factor VIII

A

Plasma thromboplastin component
Christmas factor

79
Q

Factor X

A

Stuart-prower factor

80
Q

Factor XI

A

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

81
Q

Factor XII

A

Hageman factor

82
Q

Factor XIII

A

Fibrin-stabilizing factor

83
Q

2 coag pathways

A

Extrinsic and intrinsic

84
Q

This pathway is responsible for imitating the coag process

Test is PT

A

Extrinsic

85
Q

Pathway is activated by trauma

Test is PTT

A

Intrinsic

86
Q

When your body’s blood clotting mechanism are activated throughout the body instead if being localized at an area if injury

A

DIC - disseminated intravascular coagulation

87
Q

tests to detect ___
PTT
D-Dimer
fibrinogen level
platelet count
PT
CBC

A

DIC

MLA (12 decks)

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