unit 4 (integumentary system) - medical vocabulary Flashcards
(102 cards)
1
Q
acne
A
inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands that produces pimples on the skin
2
Q
albinism
A
an inherited condition that prevents the normal production of melanin, resulting in extremely pale skin and white hair
3
Q
allergy skin test
A
a test used to identify allergies
4
Q
alopecia
A
hair loss that results from genetics, normal aging, illness, or drugs used to treat certain diseases
5
Q
anesthetic
A
a drug that causes a reversible loss of sensation or pain; used to temporarily deaden pain
6
Q
antibiotic
A
a drug that fights or prevents bacterial infections
7
Q
antifungal
A
a drug used to fight off fungal infections
8
Q
antipruritic
A
a drug used to inhibit itching
9
Q
antiviral
A
a drug used to treat viral infections, such as herpes
10
Q
arrector pili
A
bundles of small muscle fibers
11
Q
autograft
A
the surgical transfer of tissue from one part of a patient’s body to another part of the same body
12
Q
basal cell carcinoma
A
a commonly slow-growing, malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis that typically does not metastasize
13
Q
basal layer
A
the deepest layer of the epidermis that is constantly growing and multiplying, with younger cells pushing old cells to the surface
14
Q
blepharoplasty
A
plastic surgery of the eyelid
15
Q
biologic
A
a drug derived from living organisms through molecular biology techniques; used to disrupt the autoimmune response in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
16
Q
biopsy
A
the removal of a small piece of living tissue for microscopic examination
17
Q
cauterization
A
destruction of tissue through the application of heat, cold, or an electrical current
18
Q
chemical peel
A
the use of chemicals to remove outer layers of the skin
19
Q
cicatrix
A
a scar left by a healed wound
20
Q
collagen
A
a fibrous protein found in skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
21
Q
corticosteroid
A
a drug used to treat skin conditions linked to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases
22
Q
cryosurgery
A
the destruction of abnormal tissue through freezing with liquid nitrogen
23
Q
curettage
A
the removal of tissue by scraping the surface
24
Q
cuticle
A
a narrow band of epidermal tissue attached to the surface of the nail
25
cyanosis
the appearance of a blue or purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to insufficient blood oxygen or poor circulation
26
cyst
a closed, thick-walled sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material that develops in a cavity or other structure of the body
27
debridement
the removal of damaged tissue and foreign debris to prevent infection and promote healing
28
dermabrasion
the use of abrasive materials to remove layers of skin
29
dermatologist
a physician who diagnoses and treats conditions and diseases of the skin, hair, and nails
30
dermatology technician
a specialized medical assistant who works in the skin-care field
31
dermoplasty
the replacement of damaged skin with donor skin from a different region of the body
32
dermis
the layer of skin that lies directly below the epidermis, and which is made up of connective tissue, blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, and sebaceous and sweat glands
33
ecchymosis
black-and-blue or purplish bruise caused by ruptured blood vessels beneath the skin
34
eczema
acute or chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, itchiness, and edema (swelling)
35
epidermis
the outermost layer of skin
36
epithelial tissue
tissue, composed of densely packed cells, that covers the surface of the body and also lines internal organs and cavities
37
excisional biopsy
the surgical removal of an entire lesion or tumor
38
excretion
the process of eliminating waste products from the body
39
exfoliative cytology
a biopsy in which living tissue is scraped
40
first-degree burn
a skin burn characterized by superficial epidermal lesions
41
fissure
a groove or crack; also known as a sore
42
gangrene
necrosis, or death, of tissue due to loss of blood supply, followed by bacterial infection
43
gland
a cell, or group of cells, that secretes select substances within or out of the body
44
hair follicles
tiny secretory cavities from which hair grows
45
hair shaft
the nongrowing part of a hair that protrudes from the skin
46
immunosuppressant
a drug used to treat certain conditions (psoriasis and eczema, for example) by suppressing the immune system
47
impetigo
bacterial infection of the skin characterized by vesicles (small, fluid-filled sacs), pustules (small, pus-filled blisters) and crusted-over lesions
48
incision and drainage (I&D)
a procedure in which an incision is made through the skin to drain fluid or an abscess
49
incisional biopsy
a biopsy in which an incision is made to remove small piece of tissue
50
integumentary system
body system composed of the skin and its accessories
51
intradermal skin test
a test in which different substances are injected into the skin to test for allergic reactions
52
Kaposi's sarcoma
malignant cancer that causes erythematous (red) or purplish patches in the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat or in other organs and tissues; a disease often seen in AIDS patients
53
keloid
an abnormally raised, thickened scar
54
keratin
a fibrous, water-repellent protein
55
laser therapy
the use of laser light waves to treat skin conditions
56
lipectomy
the surgical removal of fat below the skin
57
lipids
a group of organic compounds that lubricate the skin and minimize water loss
58
lipocytes
cells that manufacture and store fat
59
liposuction
the use of suction during surgery to remove fat below the skin
60
lunula
the semilunar (half-moon shaped), white area at the proximal end of the nail
61
macule
a small, flat, discolored (brownish or red) lesion on the skin; also known as a freckle
62
malignant melanoma
a cancerous growth composed of melanocytes that begins as an irregularly shaped macule and then changes color and texture; classified as level I, II, III, or IV, depending on the level of penetration
63
melanin
pigment responsible for the skin's color and which also helps protect skin against the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun
64
melanocytes
cells located in the epidermis that contain and produce dark brown-to-black pigments called melanin
65
Mohs surgery
a surgical method for treating skin cancer; thin, tumorous skin layers are successively removed and examined, the process continuing until there is no evidence of the tumor
66
mucous membrane
a thin, pliable layer of tissue that lines any body cavity that opens to the outside world (for example, the nasal passage)
67
nail plate
the hard, translucent part of the nail
68
nail root
the area of the dermis on which the nail rests
69
nails
accessory organs of the skin that are made of hard keratin
70
needle biopsy
a biopsy in which a hollow needle is used to remove a core sample of tissue
71
nevus
a highly pigmented lesion of the skin that is flat or raised; also known as a mole
72
nodule
a solid skin elevation larger than one centimeter in diameter; may develop in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous layer
73
papule
a solid skin elevation with distinct borders and a diameter of less than one centimeter; also known as a pimple
74
perspiration
the fluid excreted by sweat glands, also known as sweat
75
petechia
round, pinpoint spots on the skin caused by intradermal hemorrhage
76
polyp
a small, mushroom-like growth, typically benign, that extends from the surface of a mucous membrane
77
psoriasis
a chronic disease marked by itchy, erythematous skin with silvery patches
78
punch biopsy
a biopsy in which a rotating place is used to produce a cylindrical core of tissue
79
purpura
a purple or brownish-red rash in which blood leaks from vessels into the skin or mucous membranes
80
pustule
a small, infected skin elevation that contains pus; also known as an abscess
81
rhytidectomy
the elimination of wrinkles by surgically removing skin from the face
82
scabies
a contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus (itching)
83
scleroderma
a chronic, progressive disease of the skin marked by hardening and shrinking of connective tissue, which causes edema or pain in the muscles or joints
84
sclerotherapy
the injection of a medical solution, such as saline, into varicose veins or spider veins to remove these veins
85
scratch test
a type of allergy skin test; the forearm is scratched with lancets and a variety of substances
86
sebaceous glands
glands that secrete sebum and are located in the dermal layer of the skin
87
sebum
an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair
88
second-degree burn
a skin burn characterized by epidermal and dermal lesions, erythema, blisters, and hyperesthesia
89
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells of the epidermis; may grow in other organs lined with epithelial cells
90
stratified squamous epithelium
the upper layer of the epidermis
91
subcutaneous layer
the deepest layer of the skin
92
sweat glands
tiny, coiled glands that secrete sweat (perspiration) and are located in the dermis
93
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
a chronic, inflammatory disease of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs; autoimmune disease
94
third-degree burn
a skin burn in which the epidermis and dermis are destroyed
95
tinea
a skin infection caused by a fungus
96
ulcer
an open sore or an erosion of the skin or lining of a mucous membrane
97
urticaria
condition characterized by hives with localized swelling and itching
98
varicose veins
veins that have a twisting appearance due to loss of elasticity
99
vesicle
a small, raised skin lesion filled with clear fluid; also known as a blister
100
vitiligo
loss of pigment in one or more areas of the skin, creating the appearance of milky-white patches
101
wart
a small, hard, benign skin growth caused by a virus (usually a papillomavirus)
102
wheal
a smooth, slightly swollen area that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin; a characteristic of hives
