Unit 4 List 1 Evolution LC Flashcards
amino acid sequencing
the process of identifying the arrangement of amino acids in proteins and peptides
analogous structure
are features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature
anatomy
The study of the structure of a plant or animal
biochemical evidence
the use of molecular biology techniques to study the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms
biogeography
the branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals.
cladogram
a branching diagram showing the cladistic relationship between a number of species
common ancestry
having descended from one ancestor.
descent with modification
the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor
DNA sequencing
the general laboratory technique for determining the exact sequence of nucleotides, or bases, in a DNA molecule
electrophoresis
the movement of charged particles in a fluid or gel under the influence of an electric field
embryo
the early developmental stage of an animal while it is in the egg or within the uterus of the mother
embryology
a branch of biology dealing with embryos and their development.
evolutionary tree
a diagram that depicts the lines of evolutionary descent of different species, organisms, or genes from a common ancestor.
fossil record
a collection of fossils documenting the history of life on Earth
homologous structure
an organ, system, or body part that shares a common ancestry in multiple organisms
homology
the state of having the same or similar relation, relative position, or structure
paleontology
the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants
phenotypic similarity
a measure of functional redundancy within homologous gene families
phylogeny
the evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms, or of a particular feature of an organism.
phylogenetic tree
a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.
vestigial structures
A feature did a species inherits from an ancestor but is now less elaborate and functional than in the ancestor
sedimentary layers
formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth’s surface. Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding.
adaptation
the action or process of adapting or being adapted.
behavior
the way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially toward others
