Unit 4 Review

Question 1

Scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another

Answer 1

Social Psychology

Question 2

A conclusion about the cause of an observed behavior/event

Answer 2

Attribution

Question 3

_______ attribution

Ex. external factors such as peer pressure

Answer 3

Situational

Question 4

_______ attribution

Ex. Internal factors such as stable, enduring traits, personality, ability, emotions

Answer 4

Dispositional

Question 5

When we explain others’ behavior, we tend to overemphasize dispositional attribution and underemphasize situational attribution

Answer 5

Fundamental Attribution Error

Question 6

When we explain our own behavior, we tend to focus on the role of situational factors

Answer 6

Actor-Observer Effect

Question 7

We tend to blame the situation for our failures although we take personal credit for successes

Answer 7

Self-Serving Bias

Question 8

Protect self-esteem

Answer 8

Motivational explanation

Question 9

Giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family and work group and defining one’s identity accordingly

Answer 9

Collectivism

Question 10

Feelings, ideas, and beliefs that affect how we approach and react to other people, objects, and events

Answer 10

Attitude

Question 11

Consisting of your emotional reactions toward the attitude object

Answer 11

Affect

Question 12

Consisting of your actions or observable behavior toward the attitude object

Answer 12

Behavior

Question 13

Consisting of your thoughts and beliefs about the attitude object

Answer 13

Cognition

Question 14

Going directly through the rational mind, influencing attitudes with evidence and logic

Answer 14

Central route persuasion

Question 15

Changing attitudes by going around the rational mind and appealing to fears, desires and associations

Answer 15

Peripheral route persuasion

Question 16

Tendency to be more likely to agree to a large request after agreeing to a smaller one

Answer 16

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Question 17

A set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Answer 17

Role

Question 18

When our attitudes are not in harmony with our actions

Answer 18

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 19

Refers to adjusting our behavior or thinking to fit win with a group standard

Answer 19

Conformity

Question 20

Some mimicry not by choice, but automatic (Chameleon Effect) Ex. contagious yawning

Answer 20

Automatic Mimicry

Question 21

Correct or normal way to behave or think in a group

Answer 21

Social Norms

Question 22

Going along with others in pursuit of social approval or belonging

Answer 22

Normative Social Influence

Question 23

Going along with others because their ideas and behavior make sense, the evidence in out social environment changes our minds

Answer 23

Informational social influence

Question 24

Behavior with the intent of harming another person, physically, verbally or relationally

Answer 24

Aggression

Question 25

Frustration occurs when we are blocked from attaining a goal After repeated frustrating events, anger can build, and trigger a readiness to aggress Aggression can erupt, possibly against someone who was not the initial cause of the frustration (scape goat)

Answer 25

Frustration-Agression Principle

Question 26

Culturally constructed directions on how to act

Answer 26

Social Scripts

Question 27

Unjustified (usually negative) attitude toward a group (and its members)

Answer 27

Prejudice (A)

Question 28

Unjustified behavior selectively applied to members of a group

Answer 28

Discrimination (B)

Question 29

Generalized belief about a group, applied to every member of a group

Answer 29

Stereotype (C)

Question 30

Attitudes that we consciously endorse and can easily report

Answer 30

Explicit (conscious) attitude

Question 31

Attitudes that are involuntary, uncontrollable, and at times unconscious

Answer 31

Implicit (automatic) attitude

Question 32

Patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions that are deviant, distressful and dysfunctional

Answer 32

Psychological disorders

Question 33

State of mental or behavioral ill health

Answer 33

Disorder

Question 34

Differing from the norm

Answer 34

Deviant

Question 35

Symptoms must be sufficiently sever to interfere with one's life and well-being

Answer 35

Distressful and Dysfunctional

Question 36

Appearance by age 7 of on or more of three key symptoms: Extreme inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

Answer 36

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Question 37

Psychological disorders seen as psychopathy (an illness of the mind) Includes processes of Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

Answer 37

The Medical Model

Question 38

Mental disorders arise in interaction between nature and nurture Caused by biology, thoughts and the sociocultural environment

Answer 38

The Biopsychosocial Approach

Question 39

Verbal shorthand for referring to a list of associated symptoms

Answer 39

Diagnoses

Question 40

Our self-protective, risk-reduction instincts in overdrive

Answer 40

Anxiety

Question 41

Emotional-cognitive symptoms include worrying or having anxious feelings and thoughts about many subjects.

Answer 41

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 42

Not just an anxiety attack, includes: many minutes of dread or terror, chest pains, choking, numbness or other frightening physical sensations, need to escape

Answer 42

Panic Attack

Question 43

Repeated and unexpected panic attacks, fear of next attack, change in behavior to avoid attacks

Answer 43

Panic Disorder

Question 44

Uncontrollable, irrational, intense desire to avoid the some object or situation

Answer 44

Phobia

Question 45

Intense, unwanted worries, ideas and images that repeatedly pop up in the mind

Answer 45

Obsession

Question 46

A repeatedly strong feeling of needing to carry out an action, even though it doesn't feel like it makes sense

Answer 46

Compulsion

Question 47

Repeated, intrusive recall of past memories

Answer 47

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Question 48

Polar opposite moods

Answer 48

Bipolar Disorder

Question 49

Period of hyper-elevated mood

Answer 49

Mania

Question 50

The mind is split from reality

Answer 50

Schizophrenia

Question 51

Mental split from reality and rationality

Answer 51

Psychosis

Question 52

Separation of conscious awareness from thoughts, memory, bodily sensations, feelings, or even from identity

Answer 52

Dissociation

Question 53

Exhibits distinct symptoms, not present in consciousness at the same time

Answer 53

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Question 54

Acting impulsively or fearlessly without regard for others' needs and feelings

Answer 54

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Question 55

Compulsion to lose weight; coupled with certainty about being fat despite being 15% or more underweight

Answer 55

Anorexia Nervosa disorder

Question 56

Compulsion to binge; followed by purge

Answer 56

Bulimia Nervosa disorder

Question 57

Compulsion to binge; followed by guilt or depression

Answer 57

Binge-eating disorder

Question 58

Interactive experience with a trained professional, working on understanding and changing behavior, thinking, relationships, and emotions

Answer 58

Psychotherapy