Unit 4 Test Flashcards
1
Q
inflammation of the liver, highly contagious and affect livers ability to function is what disease
A
Hep A
2
Q
how can you catch Hep A
A
contaminated food or water, raw selfish, polluted with sewage, or sexual intercourse with the infected
3
Q
what are symptoms of Hep A
A
fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abd pain, clay covered BM
4
Q
most cases are mild and most people who are infected recover completely with little to no liver damage
A
Hep A
5
Q
who should not get the Hep A vaccine
A
anyone with severe allergy to any component of vaccine
if you have had any kind of ADR to any liver meds in the past
6
Q
what are 5 teachings about Hep A vaccine
A
- teach pt that Hep A is a disease that does not cause long term liver damage and it does not become chronic
- if untreated, disease complications can be liver failure, arthralgia, kidney, pancreatic and blood disorders
- teach that since Hep A is a infectious blood disorder they have to inform previous partners and we have to report to CDC
- if pt thinks they have it they need blood cultures but no specific treatment so far (Body clears virus on its own)
- be sure to stay away form anything that could irritate the liver, such as alcohol, drugs
7
Q
the 2 formulas for Hep A (Havrix and Vaqta) can be administered at
A
12-23 mos and 19 years and older
8
Q
if Hep A is being given to the adult what should the given doses be
A
2 doses of 1.0 mL
after first one wait 6-12 months for the next
9
Q
If Hep A is being given to child what should the given doses be
A
2 doses of 0.5 mL
after first one wait 6-12 months for the next one
10
Q
for Hep A vaccine if you had it as a child do you need to get it again?
A
no
11
Q
inflammation of the liver, can become chronic, increased risk of developing liver failure, liver cancer, or cirrhosis that could have been caught by sexual contact, sharing of needles/needlesticks, and mother to child
A
Hep B
12
Q
what are symptoms of Hep B
A
flue like illness with loss of appetite, fever, tiredness, weakness, jaundice, and joint pain
13
Q
what happens if you have had Hep B before
A
can not get it again but carry the virus
14
Q
what are teachings of the Hep B vaccine
A
- need to report to CDC since its a contagious blood disease
- tests should include blood cultures and liver biopsy
- treatments are antiviral meds or worse a liver transplant
15
Q
When should you get the Hep B vaccine
A
1st dose at birth
2nd dose at 1-2 months
3rd dose 6-18 months
and if you are going into the healthcare field
16
Q
what are differences between Hep A and Hep B vaccines
A
- Hep A is recommended while Hep B is required
- Hep B is more severe and cause damage
- Hep A is not chronic but Hep B can become chronic
17
Q
the most common sexually transmitted virus in the U.S.
A
human papillomavirus
18
Q
most infections are asymptomatic and go away naturally
A
human papillomavirus
19
Q
what can HPV cause in women
A
cervical cancer
20
Q
cervical cancer is the ___ leading cause of cancer deaths among women
A
2nd
21
Q
is there a cure for HPV
A
no
22
Q
who should not get the HPV vaccine
A
- pregnant women
- anyone with a life threatening allergic reaction to any component of HPV
- Gardasil (allergies to yeast)
- Cervarix (allergies to latex)
- anyone with moderate to severe illness should wait until healthier
23
Q
why should a person get vaccinated for HPV
A
- prevents most causes of cervical cancer in females
- long lasting effects form vaccine
- regular Pap tests are recommended
- can prevent genital warts, some vaginal, vulvar and rectal cancers
24
Q
what are the 2 different vaccines for HPV and what is the difference
A
Gardasil and Cervarix
gardasil is for men and women while cervarix is only for women
25
what are the ages for Gardasil Vaccine
M/F 9-12yrs of age (before sexual contact)
26
what are the ages for cervarix Vaccine
F only 9-12yrs of age (before sexual contact)
27
what are the doses for HPV vaccines
1st dose= now
2nd dose= 1-2 mo after initial
3rd dose= 6 mo after initial dose
28
what are the severe side effects of HPV vaccine
- severe allergic reaction
- very high fever over 102
- behavioral changes
29
serious painful spasms and stiffness of all muscles, including lockjaw, difficulty swallowing or breathing, fever and disease complications can lead to breathing problems, broken bones and death
tetanus
30
prolonged cold symptoms like a cough and runny nose that leads to violent coughing or choking making it hard to breath, eat, drink disease complications are rib fractures, pneumonia or death
pertussis
31
causes a thick covering in the back of the throat. can lead to difficulty breathing, heart failure, paralysis and even death
diphtheria
32
bacterial, enters body from open cuts and wounds
tetanus
33
bacterial and spread person to person
pertussis and diphtheria
34
what disease does TDap vaccine prevent
Tetanus, pertussis, diphtheria
35
who should not get TDap vaccine
- severe allergic reaction after previous dose or to vaccine component
- NO CHILDREN under 11 years should get it
36
before this vaccine was available, diphtheria was one of the most common causes of illness and death among children
TDap
37
what is the TDap age schedule
- given at age 11 then every 10 years after
- women should get while pregnant to protect baby
- also can be given after serious cut or burn to prevent tetanus prevention
38
what vaccine is for tetanus, diphtheria, and ACELLULAR pertussis
Dtap
39
contains purified components of pertussis, such as inactive pertussis toxins either alone in a combination with other pertussis components
acellular pertussis
40
who should NOT get Dtap
- severe allergic reactions to component
| - Gillian Barrie syndrome within 6 weeks after tetanus taxed containing vaccine
41
what is the schedule for Dtap vaccines
```
1st dose= at 2mo
2nd dose= at 4 mo
3rd dose= at 6mo
4th dose= in-between 15-18 mo
5th dose= between 4-6 years old
```
42
what is the difference between Tdap and Dtap
Tdap is not for children
43
contagious viral infection of the respiratory passages that spread around the U.S. every year
Influenza
44
how is the flu spread
coughing, sneezing and close encounter
45
what are symptoms of the flu
fever, cough, runny nose, body aches, sore throat, fatigue, pneumonia, vomitting
46
what are the two types of influenza vaccine
```
influenza inactivated (recombinant)
influenza live (intranasal)
```
47
why should you get the flu vaccine
- from getting the flu
- make flu less severe if caught
- keep from spreading the flu to your family
48
when do antibodies form for the flu
2 weeks after vaccine
49
the seasonal flu vaccine protects against the influenza viruses that research indicates will be most common during the
upcoming season
50
the recombinant
does not have eggs in it or a live virus
51
the inactivated
is made with the inactivated virus
52
who should not get inactivated/recombinant vaccine for the flu
- severe allergies to vaccine
| - Guillain Barre syndrome
53
the live intranasal flu vaccine contains
live WEAKENED virus
54
who should not get the intranasal live flu vaccine
- allergies to eggs or any allergic reactions to influenza vaccine
- Guillain Barre syndrome
- long term heart, breathing, kidney or nervous system problems
- pregnant
- weakened immune system
55
what is the schedule for influenza vaccine
children 6 mo through 8 years require 2 doses
1st dose= immediately
2nd dose= 28 days after initial
after that it should be given yearly
56
infectious disease that lives in the throat and intestinal tract
Polio
57
polio is most often spread through
person to person contact with infectious stool, and can be spread through oral and nasal excretions as well
58
before the polio vaccine what was common
paralysis, permanent disability and even death
59
what are the 2 different polio vaccines
IPV (inactivated polio virus) injection
| OPV (oral polio virus)weakened version of virus
60
what is the schedule to receive Polio Vaccines
4 does of IPV
| 2,4, and 6-18 mo then a booster between 4-6 years of age
61
who should not get the polio vaccine
- severe allergies
- if person is sick before getting vaccine
- OPV can not be given to pregnant women but IPV can
62
what are some teachings of polio vaccine
- fainting after procedure
- severe shoulder pain from injection
- signs such as high fever, swelling in face, dizziness, weakness
63
virus that causes diarrhea, mostly in babies and young children
rotavirus
64
how is rotavirus spread
daycare facilities, transmitted through stool of an infected child
65
who should not get the rotavirus vaccine
- baby with allergic reactions to a dose or severe allergies to any part of rotavirus vaccine
- babies with severe combined immunodeficiency
- babies who have had any type of bowel blockage called intussusception
- babies who are moderate to severely ill should wait to receive
66
pt education for rotavirus vaccine
- teaching to parent
- oral vaccine is sweet
- vaccien spread through stool so could have mild diarrhea or vomitting after vaccine
67
what is the schedule for rotavirus vaccine 2 series
administered at 2 and 4 months
68
what is the schedule for rotavirus vaccine 3 series
administered at 2,4 and 6 months
69
for rotavirus vaccine your child must get the first dose before ___ weeks of age and the last dose by __ months
15 weeks; 8 months
70
contagious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus; usually fever, tiredness, loss of appetite, blisters all over body (5-7 days)
chicken pox
71
painful rash on the side of the face and body, blisters then scabs; headache fever, chills and upset stomach if severe could last for months or years
shingles
72
who should not get the chicken pox and shingles vaccine
- pregnant
- weakened immune system
- HIV
- allergic reactions
- allergic to gelatin
- if on steroids
73
what are pt teaching for chicken pox and shingles vaccine
- can prevent these diseases
- if given vaccine as child can wear off with time
- spread through person to person
- if has shingles keep it covered and don't scratch, wash hands often
- if has either of the virus stay away from pregnant women
74
what are the schedules for the chicken pox vaccine
1st does= 12- 15 months
2nd dose= 4-6 years old
if haven't gotten one by age 13 you need 2 doses atlas 28 days apart
75
what is the schedule for shingles vaccine
isn't given until age 60 even if the pt has already had shingles
76
infection of the lungs that cause milk to severe illness in people of all ages
Pneumonia PCV13
77
is a streptococcus pneumonia bacteria that causes ear infections, sinus infections, meningitis (infection of the covering around the brain and spinal cord) and bacteremia (infection in the blood stream)
pneumococcus (PPSV23)
78
who should not get the PCV13 vaccine
- severe allergic reactions to previous vaccine
| - if person is not feeling well should probably wait until healthy
79
who should not get the PPSV23 vaccine
- anyone with severe allergic reaction to previous vaccine
- CHILDREN LESS THAN 2 YEARS OF AGE
- anyone moderately or severely ill should wait until healthy
- as a precaution pregnant women should not take it
80
what are teachings for pneumococcal bacteria and pneumonia
spread from person to person by direct contact
- many people especially children have the bacteria in their nose and throat without being ill
- daycares, schools and LTCF are at higher risk for pneumococcal disease
- need to get flu shot if not it increases the chance of getting it
81
what is the schedule for PCV13 vaccine
4 doses
2,4,6 and 12-15 months old
if older than 65 and no shot given in lifetime dose PCV13 then given PPSV23 12 months apart
82
what is the schedule for PPSV23 vaccine
recommended for all adults 65 years or older if ages 2-65 and have a major illness they need this vaccine as well
83
what is the vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella
MMR vaccine
84
who should not get MMR Vaccine
- anyone with allergic reactions to neomycin
- allergic reactions to previous dose of MMR
- sick people at time of injection
- PREGNANT WOMEN
85
pt teachings for MMR vaccine
- injected subQ
| - may develop fever, rash
86
what is the schedule for MMR vaccine
2 dose series
1st dose= between 12-15 months
2nd dose= between ages 4-6
87
what disease is caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitides which is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis
Meningococcal
88
can cause limb loss through amputation, hearing loss, problems with the nervous system, seizures, mental retardation and strokes
meningitis
89
who should not get the meningococcal vaccine
- allergic reactions to any part of the vaccine
- Pregnant women
- severely ill
- Guillain Barre syndrome
90
pt teaching for meningococcal vaccine
- children traveling to other countries
| - severe shoulder pain
91
what is the schedule for meningococcal vaccine
age 11-12 a single dose of Menactro or Menveo
booster at age 16
16-18 can be vaccinated with Bexsero or Trumenba
65 and older
