Unit 4 Test - Lessons 19-24

Question 1

loess

Answer 1

light, fertile soil that yields bountiful grain crops

Question 2

North China Plain

Answer 2

a region in the Huang He River valley, where Chinese civilization began

Question 3

oases

Answer 3

places, usually in a desert, where water can be found

Question 4

Ancestor Worship

Answer 4

honoring of ancestors through rituals, such as offering food and wine to the spirits of the dead

Question 5

Anyang

Answer 5

location where ruins were found from the Shang dynasty, China’s first civilization

Question 6

bronze

Answer 6

a strong metal alloy made from copper

Question 7

clan

Answer 7

a large group of family members and friends

Question 8

oracle bone

Answer 8

a piece of bone or shell heated and cracked by holy men to seek advice from a king’s ancestors

Question 9

Shang Dynasty

Answer 9

one of the first Chinese dynasties, ruled from 1750 to 1040 B.C.E.

Question 10

civil servant

Answer 10

a person who works for a government

Question 11

Confucianism

Answer 11

a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes proper behavior

Question 12

Daoism

Answer 12

a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes living in harmony with nature

Question 13

feudalism

Answer 13

a system of government based on landowners and tenants

Question 14

Legalism

Answer 14

a Chinese philosophy that emphasizes strict obedience to laws

Question 15

Mandate of Heaven

Answer 15

a power or law believed to be granted by the heavens

Question 16

yin and yang

Answer 16

the Daoist concept of opposing forces of nature

Question 17

Zhou dynasty

Answer 17

a line of rulers in China that ruled after the Shang dynasty

Question 18

Great Wall

Answer 18

a stone-and-earth wall about 1,500 miles long, first built during the Qin dynasty to defend China’s northern boundary

Question 19

immortal

Answer 19

able to live forever

Question 20

Qin Shi Huangdi

Answer 20

the first emperor to rule a united China, from 221 to 210 B.C.E.

Question 21

standardize

Answer 21

to make the same

Question 22

Han dynasty

Answer 22

the dynasty that ruled China from about 206 B.C.E. to 220 C.E., the period following the Qin dynasty

Question 23

caravans

Answer 23

a group of people traveling together

Question 24

Silk Road

Answer 24

a network of trade routes that stretched for more than four thousand miles across Asia

Question 25

trade route

Answer 25

a network of roads along which traders traveled

Question 26

Dangers of Taklimakan Desert

Answer 26

sandstorms and shifting dunes

Question 27

Gobi Desert

Answer 27

had pebbles covering the desert

Question 28

Northeastern Plains

Answer 28

had prairie grass

Question 29

Outer China

Answer 29

had extreme temperatures and climates

Question 30

Inner China

Answer 30

had mild climates and good for farming with fertile land and rivers

Question 31

Huang He River

Answer 31

had fertile soil for farming

Question 32

Shang Kings had power by

Answer 32

their army

Question 33

From Shang to Zhou, how did their philosophy change?

Answer 33

from disorder back to confucianism

Question 34

Hanfeizi

Answer 34

the philosopher that created legalism

Question 35

Laozi

Answer 35

the philosopher that created daoism

Question 36

Confucious

Answer 36

the philosopher that created confucianism

Question 37

Qin created

Answer 37

terracotta warriors, Great Wall of China, and standardized weight/coin system

Question 38

Chinese scribes

Answer 38

used brushes and they made their own paper

Question 39

Han warfare improved by

Answer 39

iron advances

Question 40

chain pump

Answer 40

made it easier to move water from low irrigation ditches and canals up to the fields

Question 41

China and Roman Trade

Answer 41

silk for Roman glassware

Question 42

Southern Route of Silk Road

Answer 42

included dangers like no oxygen, steep cliffs, snowstorms

Question 43

Northern Route of Silk Road

Answer 43

included oases that were close together