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Psychology Exam 2 > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine system

A

Collection of glands produce and release hormones.

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2
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Brian structure that regulates basic biological needs and motivational systems.

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3
Q

Hormones

A

Chemicals that travel through the body.
Effects slower than neurotransmitters.
Contribute to homeostasis.

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4
Q

Consciousness

A

Persons subjective awareness
Thoughts, perceptions, experiences, self awareness

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5
Q

Biological rhythm

A

Circadian rhythms, entertainment, endogenous rhythms

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6
Q

Circadian rhythms

A

Internally driven daily cycle, 24h
Affect psychologically and behavioural process.

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7
Q

Entertainment

A

Biological rhythms become synchronized to external cues.

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8
Q

Endogenous rhythms

A

Biological rhythms generated by body, independent of external cues.

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9
Q

Polysomnography

A

Set of objective measurements used to examine psychological variables during sleep. (EEG)
Breathing, temp, muscle activity.

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10
Q

Beta waves

A

High frequency (15-30Hz), low amplitude
Wakefulness

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11
Q

Alpha wave

A

Lower frequency (8-14Hz)
Daydreaming, falling asleep, meditation

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12
Q

Theta waves (stages 1-2)

A

Lower frequency (4-8Hz), higher amplitude
Breathing, blood pressure, heart rate decreased
Sensitive to external stimuli
Sleep spindles, K complexes

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13
Q

Delta waves (stages 3-4)

A

Low frequency (<3Hz) high amplitude, deep sleep

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14
Q

REM

A

Quickening brain, inhibited body movements, rapid eye movement.
20-25% of total sleep.

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15
Q

Theory- preserve and protect hypothesis

A

Sleep is important for preserving energy and protecting organisms from harm.
Ex) prey sleeping in secure areas.

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16
Q

Theory- restore and repair hypothesis

A

Need to restore energy levels, repair wear and tear from the day.
Lack of sleep=cognitive decline.
Sleep clears waste and excess proteins.

17
Q

Sleep deprivation

A

Cannot sleep, related to internal or external factors.
Missing one night= blood alcohol level of 0.07.

18
Q

Sleep displacement

A

Prevented from sleeping at normal time.
Same amount of sleep, not the right time (not refreshed).
Related to external or internal factors: work schedule, caffeine

19
Q

Dreaming- psychoanalytical approach (Sigmund Freud)

A

Unconscious expression of wish (primal urges, sex, aggression)
Manifest content and latent content.

20
Q

Manifest content

A

Images and storylines we dream about.

21
Q

Latent content

A

Symbolic meaning of a dream (usually tied to sex and aggression).

22
Q

The activation-synthesis hypothesis

A

Dreams arise from brain activity, bursts of excitatory messages from Pons.
Pons-> activation: explains REM and EEG patterns which resemble wakefulness.
Stimulation of occipital and frontal lobes produce imaginary sights and sounds.

23
Q

Consolidation

A

STM to LTM

24
Q

Reconsolidating

A

Hippocampus updates, strengthen, or modify existing LTM

25
Q

Cross-cortical storage

A

LTM distributed through cortex.

26
Q

Weapon focus

A

Focus on emotional contents of a scene

27
Q

Mnemonics

A

Method of loci (connect words to locations along familiar path)
Acronyms

28
Q

Deere roe diver mcdermott (DRM) paradigm

A

List of words, had to remember critical lure (missing word= intrusion) related words= semantic associates

29
Q

Semantic networks

A

Interconnected se of nodes, reaction time test hierarchical organization connectedness of networks.

30
Q

Temporal lobe damage

A

Difficulty identifying objects, can still describe them.

31
Q

Folk biology

A

Natural world conceptualizer and categorize differences across cultures.

32
Q

Heuristics

A

Problem solving strategy that use prior experience to provide an educated guess for solution.

33
Q

Availability heuristic

A

Estimating frequency of event based on how easily examples of it come to mind.

34
Q

Aphasia

A

Language disorder, from brain damage to structures that support using and understanding language.

35
Q

Broca area

A

Speech and sounds

36
Q

Wernickes area

A

Understanding words

37
Q

Phonemes

A

Speech sounds

38
Q

Morphemes

A

Meaningful units of language

39
Q

Semantics

A

Study of people understanding meaning of words

Psychology Exam 2 (1 decks)

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