unit 5 Flashcards
(58 cards)
what was the main method of transportation and why?
railroads, they were an efficient way to move goods
what is industrialization?
the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale
what were the 5 main reasons for industrialization?
it improved farming methods, the population grew, there was more money, plentiful natural resources, and a good trade market
what were the main locations of industrialization?
Europe and North America
how did industrialization affect these countries?
it increased population, it increased jobs and employment, and more railroads and canals were built
what were the differences between the socioeconomic classes?
the industrial middle class was based off industrial capitalism, and the industrial working class worked in factories
what were the working conditions in factories?
harsh conditions, long hours, bad air, little to no breaks, child labor, little pay
what were some of the different types of industries?
meatpacking, textile, coal, and steel
what were the 4 social theories?
capitalism, communism, socialism, and utopianism
what is capitalism?
an economic and political system in which country’s trade and industry and controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by state
what is communism?
advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs
what is socialism?
a political and economic theory of social organization which advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
what is utopianism?
the belief in or pursuit of a state in which everything is perfect, typically regarded as unrealistic or idealistic,
no evils in society where everyone can fulfill their dreams
what were the effects on home life?
women normally assisted husbands after their work was complete, women usually stayed at home to tend to children, work & home were viewed as separate “worlds”
what were the effects on society?
rise of new economic ideas, other effects were experienced on small and large scales, and a popular change was the shift from the cottage industries to factory work
what is standard of living?
level of material comfort, for people in industrialized countries improved
what were the technological advancements?
the automobile, the airplane, the telegraph, the lightbulb, the telephone, and the radio
who created the automobile?
henry ford
when was the automobile created?
1908
who created the airplane?
the wright brothers
when was the airplane created?
1903
who created the telegraph?
samuel morse
when was the telegraph created?
1837
who created the telephone?
alexander graham bell in 1876