Unit 5

Question 1

14A

Answer 1

equal protections, due process

Question 2

15A

Answer 2

gave african americans the right to vote

Question 3

17A

Answer 3

direct election of senators

Question 4

19A

Answer 4

right to vote cannot be denied based on sex

Question 5

24A

Answer 5

abolished poll taxes

Question 6

26A

Answer 6

must be 18 yrs old to vote

Question 7

effects of the voting rights act of 1965

Answer 7

outlawed literacy test for voting fed’l gov’t could send in officials to register voting in places where local officials reside

Question 8

rational choice

Answer 8

voter considers issues and makes decisions for THEMSELVES. politicians understand their voters and adopt themselves to voters wishes

Question 9

retrospective voting

Answer 9

a voter looks at politican or party’s record usually an incumbent. incumbent knows they must be accomplished

Question 10

prospective voting

Answer 10

evaluates someones promises, vision of the future, character, etc. usually a challenger knows their constituents very well to win their vote

Question 11

party-line voting

Answer 11

just voting for the party regardless of the candidate
- party must maintain a platform that is acceptable to a group of voters

Question 12

voter turnout

Answer 12

percentage of eligible voters who participate in an election by casting their votes

Question 13

structural barriers between citiaens and voting that jelp explain depressed voter turnout, and show ideas to increase voter turnout

Answer 13

• working class has deterrents (less likely to have childcare)
• registering to vote, varied requirements
• varied absentee voting laws
• varied felon voting laws
• less educated people might not know local voting laws
• voting ID laws

Question 14

define linkage institutions

Answer 14

groups in society that connect people to the gov’t and facilitate turning the people’s concerns on the gov’t policy agenda

Question 15

what are the 4 linkage institutions

Answer 15

1) political parties
2) interest groups
3) elections
4) media

Question 16

functions and impact of political parties on the electorate and government

Answer 16

1) educate and mobilize
2) recruit candidates
3) manage campaigns
4) share control of the gov’t
5) create platforms

Question 17

how have modern politics weakened parties and led to candidate-centered campaigns

Answer 17

as the internet, transportation, TV, and radio evolved, the candidates were more able to speak directly to potential voters instead of relying on their party to voice their agenda
- rise of primaries (1970s–>)

Question 18

free rider problem

Answer 18

when individuals benefit from a resource, good or service without paying for it

Question 19

single issue groups

Answer 19

a group that focuses exclusively on one specific area of public policy

Question 20

ideological/social movements

Answer 20

collective efforts by groups of people to promote or resist change in society, getting the word out, pressuring congress

Question 21

protest movements

Answer 21

influence a policy outcomes by raising awareness, swaying public opinion, pressuring decision makers, strategy/type of social movement

Question 22

electoral rules

Answer 22

• the electoral college first to 270
• debate thresholds (15%)
  WTA in pres. elections –> 0 electoral votes
• WTA in congressional elections –> 0 seats (we dont have proportional representation)

Question 23

define/ what is a party platform

Answer 23

formal set of principles and goals the outlines the party’s various stance on issues

Question 24

how the major parties respond to third parties

Answer 24

the major parties try to incorporate the third party agendas into their platform to try to win some more third party voters

Question 25

what are a bunch of things interest groups do to push their agenda

Answer 25

- contribute $ to political action comittees (PACs), mobilize voters, hire lawyers

Question 26

what is the interplay between interest groups and the other points of the iron triangle?

Answer 26

iron triangles: benefit interest groups, members of the bureaucracy

Question 27

inequality of political and economic resources

Answer 27

- wealthier interest groups can have greater influence in lobbying, campaign contributions

Question 28

unequal acess to decision makers

Answer 28

well connected interest groups, especially tied to policy makers can directly shape policy

Question 29

free rider problem

Answer 29

when individuals benefit from a resource, good or service without paying for it

Question 30

bipartisan campaign reform act of 2002

Answer 30

- (moccasin and feingold) - sick of outside groups having influence - premise: outside groups had too much influence over elections, rise in negative attack adsm too much $ in elections - BCRA attempts to curb these problems

Question 31

Citizens united v FEC

Answer 31

- citizens won 5-4 conservative - $ enhances speech --> restricts someones spending of $ to promote political opinion, violates 1A

Question 32

what are PACs

Answer 32

collect and distribute funds to support candidates, parties or policies. they influence elections through campaign donations, independent advertisements, lobbying efforts

Question 33

what are the differences between PACs and Super PACs

Answer 33

- PACs have contribution limits and can donate directly to candidates - Super PACs can raise and spend unlimited amounts but can't coordinate directly with/ candidates campaigns