Unit 5

Question 1

What is agriculture?

Answer 1

The planting and harvesting of domesticated plants and raising of domesticated animals

Question 2

What characterizes a tropical climate?

Answer 2

Wet and wet-dry seasons.

Question 3

What is a moderate climate?

Answer 3

Includes subtropical and marine climates, often found along coasts.

Question 4

What is a Mediterranean climate?

Answer 4

A climate characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.

Question 5

What is a continental climate?

Answer 5

Includes humid and humid cold climates.

Question 6

What is intensive agriculture?

Answer 6

A type of agriculture that aims to maximize yield from a given area.

Question 7

What is subsistence agriculture?

Answer 7

Agriculture that focuses on growing enough food to feed the farmer’s family.

Question 8

What is commercial agriculture?

Answer 8

Agriculture aimed at producing crops for sale in the market.

Question 9

What is market gardening?

Answer 9

The small-scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops.

Question 10

What is a truck farm?

Answer 10

A farm that produces vegetables for sale in nearby markets.

Question 11

What is a plantation?

Answer 11

A large farm that specializes in the production of one or two crops.

Question 12

What is mixed crop & livestock agriculture?

Answer 12

An agricultural system that combines crop production and livestock raising.

Question 13

What is grain farming?

Answer 13

The cultivation of cereal grains for food, animal feed, and other products.

Question 14

What is dairying?

Answer 14

The production of milk and dairy products.

Question 15

What is extensive agriculture?

Answer 15

Agriculture that uses large areas of land with low input of labor and capital.

Question 16

What is shifting cultivation / slash-and-burn?

Answer 16

A form of agriculture where land is cleared by cutting and burning vegetation.

Question 17

What is nomadic herding?

Answer 17

A form of pastoralism where herders move with their livestock in search of pasture.

Question 18

What is livestock ranching?

Answer 18

The practice of raising animals for meat, milk, or wool.

Question 19

What are clustered rural settlements?

Answer 19

Rural communities where buildings are grouped closely together.

Question 20

What are dispersed rural settlements?

Answer 20

Rural communities where buildings are spread out over a large area.

Question 21

What are linear rural settlements?

Answer 21

Rural communities that are arranged in a line, often along a road or river.

Question 22

What is metes and bounds?

Answer 22

A system of land surveying that uses physical features to define boundaries.

Question 23

What is township and range?

Answer 23

A system of land surveying that divides land into townships and ranges.

Question 24

What is a long lot?

Answer 24

A land division system that creates narrow parcels of land extending back from a river or road.

Question 25

What was the First Agricultural Revolution?

Answer 25

Also known as the Neolithic Revolution, it marked the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture.

Question 26

What is the Fertile Crescent?

Answer 26

A historical region in the Middle East known as the hearth of agriculture.

Question 27

What is the Indus River Valley hearth?

Answer 27

An ancient agricultural region in South Asia known for early farming practices.

Question 28

What was the Columbian Exchange?

Answer 28

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World.

Question 29

What was the Second Agricultural Revolution?

Answer 29

A period of agricultural development that began in the 18th century, marked by improvements in farming techniques.

Question 30

What is the Green Revolution?

Answer 30

A period of agricultural transformation that increased food production worldwide through the use of high-yield crops and fertilizers.

Question 31

What is soil salinization?

Answer 31

The accumulation of salts in soil, often resulting from improper irrigation practices.

Question 32

What are capital expenditures?

Answer 32

Funds used by a company to acquire or upgrade physical assets.

Question 33

What is bid-rent theory?

Answer 33

An economic theory that explains how the price and demand for land changes as distance from the market increases.

Question 34

What is monocropping/monoculture?

Answer 34

The agricultural practice of growing a single crop over a wide area.

Question 35

What is agribusiness?

Answer 35

The business of agricultural production and related services.

Question 36

What is a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO)?

Answer 36

A large-scale industrial agricultural facility that raises animals in confined spaces.

Question 37

What is a cool chain?

Answer 37

A temperature-controlled supply chain that maintains product quality from production to consumption.