Unit 5

Question 1

Civil Liberties

Answer 1

fundamental freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution

Question 2

The Bill of Rights

Answer 2

First 10 amendments

Question 3

The Establishment Clause

Answer 3

State can’t select a religion, in first amendment

Question 4

The Free Exercise Clause

Answer 4

Citizens can practice any religion, in first amendment

Question 5

Incorporation Doctrine

Answer 5

Extends protections of bill of rights to state govts, in due process clause of 14th amendment

Question 6

Gitlow v. New York

Answer 6

First example of incorporation doctrine, Gitlow argued state law violated his first amendment speech rights

Question 7

Barron v. Baltimore

Answer 7

SCOTUS ruled states do not have to follow bill of rights until incorporated

Question 8

Engel v. Vitale

Answer 8

Establishment clause, school-sponsored prayer violates it

Question 9

Clear and Present Danger Doctrine

Answer 9

From Schenck v US, speech presenting clear & present danger is not protected by first amendment

Question 10

Prior Restraint

Answer 10

Government cannot stop press from printing something in advance

Question 11

Roth v. United States

Answer 11

Obscene materials not part of first amendment protection

Question 12

Libel

Answer 12

Publishing false statements to defame someone

Question 13

New York v. Sullivan

Answer 13

NYT made slightly wrong claims about Sullivan, court said there should be gray area for press to debate

Question 14

Symbolic Speech

Answer 14

Protected by first amendment, cannot defend an illegal act

Question 15

Texas v. Johnson

Answer 15

Burning flag down was symbolic speech, not illegal

Question 16

Commercial Speech

Answer 16

Speech for selling stuff gets less first amendment protection

Question 17

Slander

Answer 17

Saying false statements to defame someone

Question 18

Freedom of Assembly and Association

Answer 18

Gather peacefully, express views, form groups to pursue common goals, part of first amendment

Question 19

Exclusionary rule

Answer 19

Evidence in violation of 4th amendment (unreasonable search) can’t be used in court

Question 20

Mapp v. Ohio

Answer 20

Police found porn and arrested for obscenity, SCOTUS said it was against 4th amendment, incorporated the 4th amendment

Question 21

Self-incrimination

Answer 21

5th amendment says people can’t be forced to incriminate themselves

Question 22

Miranda v. Arizona

Answer 22

Set up Miranda Warning, you have the right to remain silent

Question 23

Gideon v. Wainwright

Answer 23

States must give lawyer to those who don’t have one, incorporated 6th amendment

Question 24

Double jeopardy

Answer 24

Someone can’t be tried twice, fifth amendment

Question 25

Plea bargain

Answer 25

Negotiation for lighter sentence to avoid full trial

Question 26

Gregg v. Georgia

Answer 26

Death penalty is still legal but cannot be mandatory, must be careful process

Question 27

Civil Rights

Answer 27

Legal protections against discriminations

Question 28

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 28

Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude

Question 29

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 29

Equal protection for citizens under the law, due process (fair legal process)

Question 30

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 30

Upheld segregation, seperate but equal

Question 31

De facto segregation

Answer 31

Segregation in practice rather than legal

Question 32

Brown v. Board

Answer 32

Overturned “seperate but equal”

Question 33

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 33

Outlawed discrimination based on race, religion, sex

Question 34

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 34

Rights of citizens cannot be denied based on discrimination

Question 35

Poll Taxes

Answer 35

Fee to vote, discouraged black from voting cus of poverty

Question 36

White primary

Answer 36

Party primary for only white voters

Question 37

Twenty-fourth Amendment

Answer 37

Banned poll taxes

Question 38

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 38

Prohibits racial discrimination in voting

Question 39

Hernandez v. Texas

Answer 39

Extended 14th amendment to all racial groups, not just african americans

Question 40

Korematsu v. United States

Answer 40

Said compulsory exclusion of citizens during war is justified for reducing espionage

Question 41

Nineteenth Amendment

Answer 41

Women can vote

Question 42

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 42

Guaranteed equal rights for all citizens, never passed

Question 43

The Graying of America

Answer 43

Growing proportion of boomers

Question 44

Americans with Disabilities Act

Answer 44

Public sector buildings and transportation had to be accessible to disabled