Unit 5 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What qualifies as an organization?
not only big companies - almost any group of people working toward a common goal
What can we compare the company and the organization to?
- the company is the instrument, the organization is the orchestra
- company is the engine, organization is the vehicle
How do people act in an company?
not just as individuals, but as members of a group
-> shaped by their roles, their team, their organizational identitiy and the broader organization around them
Organizations
What is Social Identity?
italics
the profession shapes the self-concept
-> seeing your job as part of who you are
Organizations
What is Coordination?
Italics
coordination depends on clear roles (everyone should know what their job is), hierarchy (someone needs to oversee the big picture) and rules (people do not have to reinvent the wheel every time)
Organizations
Why does an Organization needs Goal orientation?
italics
if an organization had no goal, it would be like a GPS that just says “whatever”
-> Organizations are goal-driven systems, meaning they exist to accomplish something
(even a group of friends organizing a road trip has a goal)
Organizations
what can organizations be understood as from a sociological and psychological standpoint?
bold and underlined
purpose-driven social groups
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What happened in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?
italics
society reorganized itself like never before
-> age of industrialization, marking the transition from craftmanship to mechanization
What did early psychologists begin in industrialization?
Bold and underlined
designing tests, measurements and procedures to select the best suited individuals for specific roles
-> marked the birth of Industrial Psychology
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What is Industrial Psychology?
bold and underlined
a field that tried to optimize work by understanding individual behaviors
-> logically understanding someones brain = placing them in the right role - efficient, scientific and clean
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What was an issue with industrial psychologists?
they looked at the individual instead of understanding the connection between each individual
-> people were reduced to a set of scores, evaluated only for their strength or number, not their position in the structure
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What did Industrial Psychologists often left out of the equotation?
the individuals relationships, feelings and group dynamics
What happened when someone thought, that work was not just a task but a relationship?
bold and underlined
organizational psychology was created
-> focusing on things that had previously been ignored
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
Which things did organizational psychology focus on that it previously had been ignoring?
- quality of relationships between employees
- impact of leaderships styles
- influence of workplace culture
- motivations that made people show up
How did industrial and organizational psychology work together?
bold
in the beginning they just lived side by side
-> then the American Psychological Association (APA) merged the two into a single field:
- Industrial/Organizational Psychology (I/O Psychology)
What is the Industrial/Organizational Psychology now recognised as?
bold and underlined
as their Division 14 Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
Which subfields does I/O Psychology have?
many subfields, each with its own function
-> e.g. Personnel Psychology, Organizational Behavior, Ergonomics, Vocational Psychology and Career Counseling, Industrial Relations
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What is Personnel Psychology?
bold
the oldest and most traditional activity of I/O Psychology
-> each individual is a unique shape, and each job is a particular slot: Personnel psychologsits try to match the two
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What did Personnel Psychology grew out of?
military testing
-> today it includes all aspects of recruitment, job analysis, performance reviews, succession planning and talent management
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What is Organizational Behavior (OB) more concerned with?
bold
social and group influence, focusing on how individuals and groups within organizations behave
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What 2 parts does Organizational Behavior (OB) split into?
italics
- micro-organizational behavior
- macro-organizational behavior
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What is micro-organizational behavior for?
individual behavior
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What is macro-organizational behavior for?
organization-wide phenomena like culture, change and strategy
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
What are Ergonomics also known as?
bold and italics
Human Factors Psychology
-> engineering psychology
