UNIT 5 bio review guide Flashcards
(53 cards)
Q: What is asexual reproduction?
A: Reproduction through a single parent.
Q: How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction?
A: One parent.
Q: How do offspring compare to the parent in asexual reproduction?
A: Offspring are exact clones with the same DNA and genetic makeup.
Q: Give an advantage of asexual reproduction.
A: It is more efficient.
Q: Give a disadvantage of asexual reproduction.
A: A population can be wiped out by a virus or disease targeting them.
Q: Define binary fission.
A: A form of asexual reproduction where an organism splits into a parent and smaller daughter cell.
Q: Define budding.
A: Offspring grows out of the parent cell until it separates and becomes its own organism.
Q: Define regeneration.
A: Lost parts of an organism grow into their own organisms.
Q: Define fragmentation.
A: An organism breaks into pieces, each becoming a new organism.
Q: Define vegetative propagation.
A: Plants produce offspring through a runner, which serves as the basis for the new organism.
Q: Where is DNA located in the cell?
A: In the nucleus.
Q: What is a gene?
A: Instructions for creating specific proteins located in DNA.
Q: What is the relationship between chromosomes and genes?
A: Chromosomes are made up of genes.
Q: List the DNA bases.
A: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine.
Q: How do DNA bases pair?
A: A - T, T - A, G - C, C - G.
Q: List the RNA bases.
A: Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine.
Q: How do RNA bases pair?
A: A - U, T - A, G - C, C - G.
Q: What is DNA’s sugar called?
A: Deoxyribose.
Q: What is RNA’s sugar called?
A: Ribose.
Q: What is DNA replication?
A: The process of copying DNA for growth and repair.
Q: Where does DNA replicate?
A: In the nucleus.
Q: List the main enzymes involved in DNA replication.
A: Helicase, Polymerase, Ligase.
Q: What does helicase do?
A: Unzips the DNA strand.
Q: What does polymerase do?
A: Adds nucleotides to form a new DNA strand.
