Unit 5: Chapter 5-Stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination

Question 1

Distinguish among stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination.

Answer 1

S: A belief or association that links a whole group of people with certain traits or characteristics.

P:Negative feelings toward persons based on their membership in certain groups

D: Behavior directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group.

Question 2

Define modern racism and implicit racism. Give an example of each

Answer 2

A form of prejudice that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable, and easy to rationalize

Racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally

Question 3

Define ambivalent sexism.

Answer 3

A form of sexism characterized by attitudes about women that reflect both negative, resentful beliefs and feelings and affectionate and chivalrous but potentially patronizing beliefs and feelings. 164

Question 4

Provide two examples of gender stereotypes.

Question 5

What is stereotype threat?

Answer 5

The experience of concern about being evaluated based on negative stereotypes about one’s group

Question 6

Why does stereotype threat occur?

Question 7

what are the potential consequences of stereotype threat?

Question 8

Define social categorization.

Answer 8

The classification of persons into groups on the basis of common attributes

Question 9

What are the advantages and disadvantages of social categorization?

Question 10

Differentiate ingroups from outgroups.

Answer 10

Groups with which an individual feels a sense of membership, belonging, and identity.

Groups with which an individual does not feel a sense of membership, belonging, or identity

Question 11

How are ingroup members perceived differently from outgroup members?

Answer 11

outgroup homogeneity effect , whereby perceivers assume that there is a greater similarity among members of outgroups than among members of one’s own group

Different parts of the brain acitivate when perceiving outgroups and ingroup members.

Reduced empathy for outgroup members

Question 13

Briefly describe the Robbers Cave study.

Question 14

What is the significance of the results of this study?

Question 15

Describe the realistic conflict theory.

Question 16

What role does relative deprivation play in fostering prejudice?

Question 17

Describe social identity theory.

Question 18

How does social identity theory account for ingroup favouritism?

Question 19

When and how do children first learn about their gender identity and about gender stereotypes?

Question 20

Identify the sociocultural factors that help to strengthen and maintain gender and other stereotypes.

Question 21

How do confirmation bias, self-fulfilling prophecy, attribution, and subtyping help to perpetuate stereotypes?

Question 22

Describe the contact hypothesis.

Question 23

List the conditions that intergroup contact must satisfy for prejudice to decrease.

Question 24

Describe the jigsaw classroom and explain how it improves race relations.