Unit 5: protein mediated transport

Question 1

Why are cell membranes and transporters so important? 2 things

Answer 1

protection

separation of molecules

Question 2

how do you get molecules in and out of cell membranes? 2 things

Answer 2

Diffusion

Transport

Question 3

how does a transport work

Answer 3

tube through membrane

Question 4

what gets through simple diffusion

Answer 4

small non polar molecules

Question 5

What gets through transport proteins?

Answer 5

ions(K+, Na+)
small/medium molecules (glucose, amino acids)
polar

Question 6

How would you build a transport protein? what kind of protein, what properties in R groups? and which secondary structure?

Answer 6

• Transmembrane protein, all the way through
• Nonpolar on the outside, in the lipid, vander waal bonds
• Alpha helix on left/right side

Question 7

Where are transport proteins

Answer 7

all over the cell

Question 8

What is the first question when figuring out membrane transport?

Answer 8

is energy required

Question 9

If Energy is required what transport? If energy is not required what transport?

Answer 9

No energy: passive transport

Energy: active transport

Question 10

If Energy is required what transport? If energy is not required what transport?

Answer 10

No energy: passive transport

Energy: active transport

Question 11

passive transport how does it move

Answer 11

down/with the gradient [high] –> [low]

Question 12

active transport, how does it move

Answer 12

up/against the gradient [low] –> [high]

Question 13

After finding out transport doesn’t require energy and it passive transport what do you ask

Answer 13

is a protein required

Question 14

In passive transport if not protein is required, what kind of diffusion

Answer 14

simple

small, non polar

Question 15

In passive transport if protein is required, what kind of diffusion

Answer 15

facilitated diffusion osmosis

Question 16

what does facilitated diffusion mean

Answer 16

transport helps it happen, ion, polar, large

Question 17

Facilitated diffusion leads to what question

Answer 17

conformational shift?

Question 18

If there is a conformational shift what is not needed

Answer 18

gated channels

Question 19

If there is a conformational shift what is needed

Answer 19

protein carrier

Question 20

channels/gates are like what analogy

Answer 20

door propped open

Question 21

carriers are like what analogy

Answer 21

revolving door

Question 22

does a carrier transporter or channel transporter: require a conformational shift to move a molecules across the membrane?

Answer 22

carrier transporter

Question 23

carrier transporters have 2 characteristics

Answer 23

selective and not gated

Question 24

does a carrier or channel: can be gated (locked)

Answer 24

Channel transporter

Question 25

what types of gates does channel transporters have

Answer 25

ligand gate, voltage, mechano

Question 26

channel transporters have 2 characteristics

Answer 26

Selective and passive [high]-->[low]

Question 27

Active transport has 3 inner transports, what are they

Answer 27

Primary active transport secondary active transport electron driven transport

Question 28

Primary active transport 5 properties

Answer 28

``` "pump" directly uses ATP [low]-->[high] (against gradient) type of carrier 2 kinds (uniport and cotransport) ```

Question 29

uniport, what does it do

Answer 29

transport of 1 type of molecule

Question 30

what does cotransport do

Answer 30

transport of 2 types of molecules

Question 31

what are the kinds of cotransports

Answer 31

antiport: opposite direction symport: same direction

Question 32

3Na+/2K+ pump, what are the steps

Answer 32

1. 3 na+ bind to intracellular die of pump 2. ATP add phosphate to pump 3. Conformational shift (flip to outside/other side) 4. 3 Na+ go outside 5. 2 K+ bind to extracellular side of pump 6. phosphate removed 7. conformational shift (flip to inside) 8. 2 K+ go inside 9. repeat

Question 33

Secondar active transport uses what to move molecules against their gradient, how many molecules

Answer 33

gradients | move 2 molecules at once(antiport, symport)

Question 34

Driver and Passenger of a Secondar active transport

Answer 34

driver[high]-->[low] | passenger[low]-->[high]

Question 35

ions are really good drivers of secondary transport. Why>

Answer 35

ions have chemical and electrical gradients